Extraction and chemical characterization of novel water-soluble polysaccharides from two palm species and their antioxidant and antitumor activities

Abstract

Two crude heteropolysaccharides were isolated from fruits of Caryota mitis and Chamaerops humilis in percentages of 2.65 and 3.89, respectively. In the case of Caryota mitis (CM) polysaccharide, it consisted of galactose, glucose and mannose as the predominant monosaccharides. While mannose, galactose and arabinose were respectively the predominant monosaccharides in the structure of Chamaerops humilis (CH) crude polysaccharide. Sixteen common amino acids were recognized to be components of the protein-bound polysaccharides of CM and CH. The major amino acid in CM and CH polysaccharides was tyrosine (1.091ng/g) and arginine (0.684 ng/g), respectively. Antioxidant activities of tested polysaccharides were examined by measuring its scavenging ability on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and ferric reducing activity power assay. In a concentration of 1 mg/ml, CM and CH polysaccharides recorded FRAP values of 0.56 and 0.44 µmol Fe ++ /g, respectively. The scavenging activity of CM sample was higher (IC 50 , 422.11 µg/ml) than that of CH polysaccharide (IC 50 , 630.0 µg/ml). Also, the antitumor activity of CM and CH polysaccharides was investigated using HepG2 and MCF-7 human cell lines. The polysaccharide of Caryota mitis had a higher antitumor activity than that of CHPs; it had IC 50 values of 13.6 and 46.4 µg/ml in HepG2 and MCF-7 assays, respectively.

Chemical characterization ofCassia fistulapolysaccharide (CFP) and its potential application as a prebiotic in synbiotic preparation

“…The relative order of the other sugars was as follow: mannose > arabinose > rhamnose > galactose > fructose > fucose. The observed findings were dissimilar with those recently reported by, 17 who recorded that mannose and galactose were the principal monosaccharides in crude polysaccharide extract isolated from fruiting bodies of C. humilis and C. mitis trees. Interestingly, the biological activities of glucose rich polysaccharides have been reported.…”

“…A similar technique was used to identify the monosaccharide composition of some polysaccharides extracted from the fruiting bodies of palm tree species. 17 The identification of each peak of the tested sample depended on the retention times of the reference monosaccharides. The relative concentrations of the CFP monosaccharides were determined as mole ratios.…”

“…A similar trend was also detected in the glycoproteins extracted from the fruiting bodies of some palm trees. 17 …”

“…Regardless other food components, polysaccharides are among those components that have acquired clear attentiveness recently, for their positive biological effects. 17 The polysaccharides and their derived products have been well assumed as main components in medicine, food, agricultural proposes. 17 The positive health effects of polysaccharides, such as antimicrobial activities, anti-cardiovascular, immune function and antitumor have been stated.…”

“… 17 The polysaccharides and their derived products have been well assumed as main components in medicine, food, agricultural proposes. 17 The positive health effects of polysaccharides, such as antimicrobial activities, anti-cardiovascular, immune function and antitumor have been stated. 18 In the last decade, many natural polysaccharides are extensively used in many industries due to their non-toxicity, biodegradation, biocompatibility, non-immunogenicity, 19 and prebiotic potential.…”