Extraction and characterization ofDimorphotheca pluvialis seed oil

Abstract

Dimorphotheca pluvialis is increasingly recognized as an interesting industrial new oilseed crop because it contains up to 60% of the unusual fatty acid dimorphecolic acid (9‐hydroxy,10t,12t‐18∶2) (DA) for which new applications are being developed. In this paper, the yield, composition and quality are evaluated for dimorphotheca oils (DMO) which were recovered by pressing, conventional solvent extraction and supercritical carbon dioxide extraction (SCE). Mechanical pressing of the seeds required high temperatures and resulted in an oil recovery of only 40%, whereas the extraction protocols yielded more than 95%. Oil recovery by pressing of winged seed was even more difficult than that of unwinged seeds; hence, solvent extraction of winged seeds was preferred. The dark‐colored DMO, recovered by expelling or by extraction with organic solvents, needed further refining to remove pigments and gums, whereas the light yellow‐colored SCE DMO did not require further refining. SCE oil had a low phospholipid content (11 mg P/kg). Pressed oil (95 mg P/kg) and hexaneor pentane‐extracted DMO (200 mgP/kg) had much higher phospholipid contents. Peroxide andp‐anisidine values were low for freshly recovered oils, but increased after storage, especially in the SCE oil, due to the low concentration of natural antioxidants in SCE DMO, such as tocopherols. The DA content of the oils recovered by the various techniques showed only minor differences, except that supercritical carbon dioxide had slightly decreased solubilizing power for tri‐ and di‐dimorphecolin as compared to hexane and pentane.

Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor .GAMMA. Ligands Isolated from Adlay Seed (Coix lacryma-jobi L. var. ma-yuen STAPF.)

“…Furthermore, 13-E,E-HODE (1), which is a geometrical isomer of 13-HODE, was also isolated as a weak PPARg agonist. Hydroxy unsaturated fatty acids occur in various organism species, and 13-E,E-HODE (1), 20) 9-E,E-HODE (2), 21) and other hydroxy unsaturated fatty acids 22) have already been isolated from plants and fungi, although there are few studies on their biological activity. Both 9-HODE and 13-HODE are produced by cyclooxygenase and/or lipoxygenase in mammalian cells such as endothelial, epithelial, and smooth muscle cells, as well as blood cells including neutrophils, basophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes.…”

Non-reductive coupling of branched amino fatty acid esters with mono and disaccharides: synthesis of a new class of alkyl glycosylamines

“…40-60°C), and subsequently the obtained oil was transesterified and hydrogenated as previously described [5][6][7][8][9]. The description for the production of the compounds 1 and 2 is reported by Bogaert et al [10].…”

The processing of new oilseed crops—An economic evaluation

“…Research on a broad range of new oilseed crops has resuited in insight in the optimal recovery routes for their oils and fatty acids. Some of the products can be recovered with conventional techniques, while others may require the use of modified or new technology (2)(3)(4)(5).…”

“…However, conventional processing (pressing, solvent extraction, and especially refining of dimorphotheca oil) can lead to extensive deterioration of the dimorphecolic acid, e.g., thermal and chemical dehydration and cross-linking (10). Pilot-scale supercritical CO 2 extraction experiments showed that oil with chemically intact dimorphecolic acid and low in pigments and gums can be produced (2)(3)(4)(5).…”