Extract of Passion Fruit (Passiflora edulis) Seed Containing High Amounts of Piceatannol Inhibits Melanogenesis and Promotes Collagen Synthesis

Abstract

The effect of passion fruit, the fruit of Passiflora edulis , on melanin inhibition and collagen synthesis was studied using cultured human melanoma and fibroblast cells. Passion fruit was divided into three parts, rind (PF-R), pulp (PF-P), and seed (PF-S), and each part was extracted using 80% ethanol. The concentration of polyphenols was higher in PF-S than in PF-R or PF-P. Treatment of melanoma cells with PF-S led to inhibition of melanogenesis. In addition, the production of total soluble collagen was elevated in dermal fibroblast cells cultured in the presence of PF-S. PF-R and PF-P did not yield these effects. Furthermore, the removal of polyphenols from PF-S led to the abolishment of the effects described above. We discovered that piceatannol (3,4,3',5'-tetrahydroxy-trans-stilbene) is present in passion fruit seeds in large amounts and that this compound is the major component responsible for the PF-S effects observed on melanogenesis and collagen synthesis.

The Protective Effects of Piceatannol from Passion Fruit (<i>Passiflora edulis</i>) Seeds in UVB-Irradiated Keratinocytes

“…33,34) Piceatannol has positive effects on cultured fibroblasts, including the inhibition of the JAK1/signal transducer and activator of transcription-1 (STAT-1) pathway, which induces the expression of the MMP-1 gene, 35) the inhibition of melanogenesis, and the promotion of collagen synthesis. 24,27) Taken together, these results strongly suggest that piceatannol and passion fruit seed extracts containing high amounts of piceatannol may be used as novel anti-photoageing cosmetic ingredients. Additional in vivo studies are needed before this compound can be used by humans.…”

“…Briefly, the 30% BG extract was concentrated by evaporation, and the solvent was removed by freeze-drying. The powder contained piceatannol (37.06 µg/mg) and scirpusin B (14.98 µg/mg), which were purified using a previously described protocol 24,25) ; 99% pure piceatannol and 91.8% pure scirpusin B were produced. Piceatannol was purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry (Tokyo, Japan) and used in the GSH and ROS experiments.…”

“…We previously discovered that passion fruit seeds contain large amounts of piceatannol 24) and scirpusin B, 25) natural polyphenolic compounds that have strong antioxidant activities. 25) In the present study, the effects of a passion fruit seed extract, piceatannol, and scirpusin B on the GSH levels in human keratinocytes were investigated.…”

“…is a vine species of the passion flower family (Passifloraceae) indigenous to the tropical regions of America and is known as a medicinal herb. Previous studies have reported that the leaves, vines, and flowers of P. edulis contain polyphenolic compounds with many biological effects, including anti-anxiety, 19,20) anti-inflamation, 21,22) and cough-suppressant effects.23) The fruit (called the passion fruit) is often eaten together with the seeds.We previously discovered that passion fruit seeds contain large amounts of piceatannol 24) and scirpusin B, 25) natural polyphenolic compounds that have strong antioxidant activities. 25) In the present study, the effects of a passion fruit seed extract, piceatannol, and scirpusin B on the GSH levels in human keratinocytes were investigated.…”

Piceatannol, Natural Polyphenolic Stilbene, Inhibits Adipogenesis via Modulation of Mitotic Clonal Expansion and Insulin Receptor-dependent Insulin Signaling in Early Phase of Differentiation

“…A rela- tively limited amount of piceatannol (Ͻ0.5 g/g) rather than resveratrol has been found in fruits such as blueberry, deerberry, and grapes. However, a recent study reported that a high concentration of naturally occurring piceatannol can be seen in fruit like passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) (39). Up to 2.2 mg/g of piceatannol exists in freeze-dried passion fruit seed, whereas resveratrol is detected at the concentration of 0.22 mg/g.…”