Extract of North American Ginseng (Panax Quinquefolius), Administered to Leukemic, Juvenile Mice Extends their Life Span

Abstract

In a recent study involving normal, juvenile mice, we showed that CVT-E002, a proprietary extract (Afexa Life Sciences, Inc.) of North American ginseng, Panax quinquefolius, significantly enhanced the absolute levels of cells acting at the first line of defense in tumor combat, i.e., natural killer (NK) cells. The present study evaluated the effect of CVT-E002, on life span when administered intraperitoneally to leukemic, infant/juvenile mice. The extract was administered to groups of mice daily for 14 days in several dosing groups up to 50mg/day from age 7 to 21 days. The tumor was administered intraperitoneally under sterile conditions, in a laminar flow hood at 7 days of age (0.5 x 10(6) leukemic cells), immediately preceding the first CVT-E002 injection for each dose group. The data revealed that CVT-E002 significantly extends the life of leukemic, young mice in a dose-specific manner, i.e., 20 mg/day was effective in extending life, while lower doses of 5, 10 mg as well as higher doses of 30, 40, 50 mg per day were completely ineffective. We have already shown that CVT-E002 significantly elevates NK cells in normal and leukemic, adult mice, as well as in normal, infant/juvenile mice, and we have also shown that CVT-E002 significantly extends the life span of leukemic, adult mice. The results of the present study did indeed show that (i) CVT-E002 extends the life span of leukemic, infant/juvenile mice, and (ii) that the dose of CVT-E002 is critical in achieving life span augmentation in these leukemic infant/juvenile mice.

Stimulation and Suppression of Innate Immune Function by American Ginseng Polysaccharides: Biological Relevance and Identification of Bioactives

“…AGRPS and AQ extracts are not antagonists of LPS because they have low stimulatory effect and also requires pretreatment before they can suppress LPS stimulation. The data from this study supports the reported CVT-E002 TM immunostimulatory [22,29,48,[59][60][61][62] and suppression of proinflammatory effects [21,63] under basal and induced proinflammatory conditions respectively. Therapies directed at the neutralization of proinflammatory mediators Fig.…”

Dietary Supplementation with an Extract of North American Ginseng in Adult and Juvenile Mice Increases Natural Killer Cells

“…Furthermore, these pre-weaned, normal, infants so injected, continued to produce significantly higher numbers of NK cells (vs control), into adulthood, long after CVT-E002 had been withdrawn (Miller and Delorme, 2008). Finally, we recently demonstrated (Miller et al, 2010) that leukemic, pre-weaned, infant mice injected daily for 14 days with CVT-E002, demonstrated a dosedependent, significant prolongation in their life span, a phenomenon that we had previously found with leukemic, adult mice given CVT-E002 via the diet (Miller et al, 2009). …”

“…CVT-E002 used throughout the present study is confirmed to be free of microbial contaminants. The extract is a strong immune stimulant in vivo and in vitro, resulting in the augmented production of several lymphocyte-stimulating cytokines (Wang et al, 2004), and is a very effective stimulant specifically of NK cells, elevating these numbers in vivo to significantly super-normal levels (Miller and Delorme, 2008;Miller et al, 2009Miller et al, , 2010.…”

North American ginseng inhibits myocardial NOX2-ERK1/2 signaling and tumor necrosis factor-α expression in endotoxemia

“…North American (NA) ginseng (Panax quinquefolius) has received increasing attention as an alternative medicine due to its multiple pharmacological effects, including anti-apoptotic, anti-oxidant, and anti-tumor activities [9][10][11]. Additionally, NA ginseng also modulates inflammatory and immune responses [12][13][14][15].…”