Extracellular vesicles released in blood of COVID-19 patients: mechanism for detection of cardiac troponin after myocardial injury?

Wu, Alan H.B.; Zhang, Yu; Webber, Robert J.

doi:10.1080/1354750x.2020.1829055

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Kidney tubular cells, which express the ACE2 receptor on their cellular surface, could be directly infected by SARS COV-2[19, 21]. Evidences also revealed that kidney-resident cells could interact with circulating mediators resulting in microcirculatory derangement, endothelial dysfunction, and tubular injury [8, 15, 40].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The level of liver and renal function biomarker abnormalities among hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Ethiopia

Tsegay

Bitew

Atlaw

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background: COVID-19 pandemic is unprecedented public health emergency and added burden to developing countries. The pandemic cause multi organ failures (MOF) predominantly affects lung cardiac renal and liver organs as severity of the disease exacerbates. That is the rationale to execute this study with the aim to determine the magnitude of abnormal organ function test parameters and its association between markers of organ failure and disease severity in patients infected with COVID-19 admitted at Millennium COVID-19 Care Center (CCC). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among COVID-19 patients admitted at Millennium COVID-19 Care and Treatment Center (MCCTC) from May 2021 up to Oct 2021. In this study 500 participants information were collected from the laboratory database of Millennium COVID-19 care center. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25. P-value <0.05 was considered significantly associated. Result: The median age of the 500 study participants was 55.6+-7.7 years and from these 67.6% of patients were males. Liver function parameters Aspartae transferase (AST) alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and Alakaline phosphatase (ALP) the mean value of overall patients were elevated and three of these parameters were highly elevated among critical patients (56.9+-57.7, 58.5+-6, and 114.6+-6) respectively. All study participants had an elevated Creatinine. 66.8% males 65% Intensive care unit (ICU) had an elevated serum value of ALT and AST respectively. Troponin was found elevated among males (54%) and 59% among ICU (critical) patients. Conclusion: Liver and renal function test biomarkers such as creatine kinase muscle-brain isoenzymes (CK-MB) troponin AST ALT and Creatinine serum value was found elevated among ICU than non ICU patients. Organ function biomarkers are a candidate for predicting COVID-19 disease severity in order to guide clinical care.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…COV-2 [19,21]. Evidences also revealed that kidney-resident cells could interact with circulating mediators resulting in microcirculatory derangement, endothelial dysfunction, and tubular injury [8,15,40].…”

Section: Socio-demographics Characteristics and Clinical Features Of ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The level of liver and renal function biomarker abnormalities among hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Ethiopia

Tsegay

Bitew

Atlaw

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…It is interesting to note that EV serum level increased in COVID-19 patients, and correlates with clinical symptoms and lethality [99,109,110]. It has been shown that platelets and neutrophils were highly activated, and dysregulated immunothrombosis associated with respiratory failure and coagulopathy was observed in COVID-19 patients.…”

Section: C-type Lectins In the Pathogenesis Of Covid-19 Virus Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

C-type lectins and extracellular vesicles in virus-induced NETosis

Sung

Hsieh

2021

J Biomed Sci

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Dysregulated formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) is observed in acute viral infections. Moreover, NETs contribute to the pathogenesis of acute viral infections, including those caused by the dengue virus (DV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Furthermore, excessive NET formation (NETosis) is associated with disease severity in patients suffering from SARS-CoV-2-induced multiple organ injuries. Dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing non-integrin (DC-SIGN) and other members of C-type lectin family (L-SIGN, LSECtin, CLEC10A) have been reported to interact with viral glycans to facilitate virus spreading and exacerbates inflammatory reactions. Moreover, spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk)-coupled C-type lectin member 5A (CLEC5A) has been shown as the pattern recognition receptor for members of flaviviruses, and is responsible for DV-induced cytokine storm and Japanese encephalomyelitis virus (JEV)-induced neuronal inflammation. Moreover, DV activates platelets via CLEC2 to release extracellular vesicles (EVs), including microvesicles (MVs) and exosomes (EXOs). The DV-activated EXOs (DV-EXOs) and MVs (DV-MVs) stimulate CLEC5A and Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), respectively, to enhance NET formation and inflammatory reactions. Thus, EVs from virus-activated platelets (PLT-EVs) are potent endogenous danger signals, and blockade of C-type lectins is a promising strategy to attenuate virus-induced NETosis and intravascular coagulopathy.

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“…Troponin I elevation after COVID-19 is widely accepted to indicate myocardial injury rather than MI. The release of cTn from injured CMs through extracellular vesicle secretion into the blood may be a possible explanation for the cTn increase in COVID-19 [69][70][71]. In addition, a meta-analysis has indicated that acute cardiac injury, represented by elevated troponin concentrations, is strongly associated with high mortality, ICU care needs, and severity of COVID-19 [8,18,19].…”

Section: Diagnostic Assessment Of Myocardial Injury Laboratory Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coronavirus Disease 2019, Myocardial Injury, and Myocarditis

Xiang

Zhang

et al. 2023

CVIA

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After its initial outbreak in 2019, the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) remains a global health concern. COVID-19 is well known for causing severe respiratory pathology, but it can also cause a variety of extra-pulmonary manifestations. Among them, myocardial injury has received substantial attention because it is usually associated with poor prognosis and mortality, thus emphasizing the importance of monitoring and managing myocardial injury in patients with COVID-19. Myocarditis has received attention as a complication of myocardial injury during and after the onset of COVID-19. Here, to aid in clinical decision-making, we present a narrative review on COVID-19- associated myocardial injury and myocarditis, discussing clinical evidence, pathogenesis, diagnostic tools, and therapeutic strategies.

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Extracellular vesicles released in blood of COVID-19 patients: mechanism for detection of cardiac troponin after myocardial injury?

Cited by 7 publications

References 23 publications

The level of liver and renal function biomarker abnormalities among hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Ethiopia

The level of liver and renal function biomarker abnormalities among hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Ethiopia

C-type lectins and extracellular vesicles in virus-induced NETosis

Coronavirus Disease 2019, Myocardial Injury, and Myocarditis

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