Extracellular Vesicle Formation in Cryptococcus deuterogattii Impacts Fungal Virulence and Requires the
            <i>NOP16</i>
            Gene

Castelli, Rafael F; Pereira, Alana Kelyene; Honorato, Leandro; Valdez, Alessandro F.; Oliveira, Haroldo César de; Bazioli, Jaqueline Moraes; Garcia, Ane Wichine Acosta; Klimeck, Tabata; Reis, Flavia C G; Staats, Charley Christian; Fill, Taícia Pacheco; Rodrigues, Márcio L.

doi:10.1128/iai.00232-22

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 47 publications

(82 reference statements)

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“…Regarding in vivo effects of EVs, some studies have demonstrated the ability to reduce mortality in the insect Galleria mellonella infection model with previous stimulation with EVs, as seen in A. flavus (Brauer et al, 2020), A. fumigatus (Freitas et al, 2023) and C. albicans (Vargas et al, 2015;Vargas et al, 2020). Except for C. neoformans and C. deuterogatti, EVs exacerbated the infection (Colombo et al, 2019;Castelli et al, 2022). Reis and colleagues ( 2021) isolated a peptide from EVs of Cryptococcus gattii and improved the survival of G. mellonella lethally infected with C. gattii or C. neoformans.…”

Section: Fungi Evs and Host Immune Systemmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In mycology, we have works demonstrating the ability of fungal EVs to interact with the host immune system (Table 1), as seen in A. flavus (Brauer et al, 2020), A. fumigatus (Souza et al, 2019;Freitas et al, 2023), C. albicans (Vargas et al, 2015;Wolf et al, 2015;Vargas et al, 2021;Honorato et al, 2022;Wei et al, 2023), C. auris , C. haemulonii var. vulnera , C. glabrata, C. parapsilosis, C. tropicalis (Kulig et al, 2022), C. deuterogatti (Castelli et al, 2022); C. gatti (Bielska et al, 2018), C. neoformans (Oliveira et al, 2010, Huang et al, 2012Colombo et al, 2019;Marina et al, 2020;Rizzo et al, 2021), F. pedrosoi, F. nubica (Las-Casas et al, 2022), H. capsulatum (Baltazar et al, 2018), M. sympodialis (Gehrmann et al, 2011), P. brasiliensis (Peres da Baltazar et al, 2021;Octaviano et al, 2022), S. brasiliensis (Ikeda et al, 2018;Campos et al, 2021), T. marneffei (Yang et al, 2021) and T. interdigitale (Bitencourt et al, 2018).…”

Section: Fungi Evs and Host Immune Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Fungi extracellular vesicles: extraction, cargo, and the immune system response

Ikeda¹,

Campos²,

Silva³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Like other organisms, fungi produce extracellular vesicles (EVs) that are involved in various biological processes, including intercellular communication and the transport of molecules between cells. These EVs can be applied in fungal pathogenesis, virulence, and interactions with other organisms, including host cells, in the case of fungal infections. While some types of mycoses are relatively common and easily treatable, certain neglected mycoses pose significant public health challenges, such as sporotrichosis, chromoblastomycosis, and paracoccidioidomycosis. These infectious diseases can cause significant morbidity and disability, leading to a reduced quality of life for the patients. So, research about the virulence factor is essential to understand how fungi escape the immune system. In this context, this manuscript reviews the study of fungi EVs, their cargo, their obtaining, and their role during the infectious process, which is extremely important for understanding this neglected mycosis.

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Section: Fungi Evs and Host Immune Systemmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Fungi Evs and Host Immune Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungi extracellular vesicles: extraction, cargo, and the immune system response

Ikeda¹,

Campos²,

Silva³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…During the phenotypic characterization of Cryptococcus mutants lacking expression of the eukaryotic gene NOP16 , this gene was found to be required for EVs production. The lack of NOP16 gene expression resulted in, not only reduced EV numbers, but also different small molecule compositions ( Castelli et al, 2022 ). The galactose lectin Galectin-3 (Gal-3) protein regulates host innate and adaptive immunity.…”

Section: Interaction Between Fungal Evs and Host Cells And Their Immu...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The emerging role of extracellular vesicles in fungi: a double-edged sword

et al. 2023

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Fungi are eukaryotic microorganisms found in nature, which can invade the human body and cause tissue damage, inflammatory reactions, organ dysfunctions, and diseases. These diseases can severely damage the patient’s body systems and functions, leading to a range of clinical symptoms that can be life-threatening. As the incidence of invasive fungal infections has progressively increased in the recent years, a wealth of evidence has confirmed the “double-edged sword” role of fungal extracellular vesicles (EVs) in intercellular communication and pathogen-host interactions. Fungal EVs act as mediators of cellular communication, affecting fungal-host cell interactions, delivering virulence factors, and promoting infection. Fungal EVs can also have an induced protective effect, affecting fungal growth and stimulating adaptive immune responses. By integrating recent studies, we discuss the role of EVs in fungi, providing strong theoretical support for the early prevention and treatment of invasive fungal infections. Finally, we highlight the feasibility of using fungal EVs as drug carriers and in vaccine development.

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“…Cryptococcus neoformans EVs deliver virulence factors to host brain tissue and are able to protect Cryptococcus cells from host‐derived reactive oxygen stress (Silva et al., 2019 ). Furthermore, a Cryptococcus deuterogattii knockout mutant that was hypovirulent in the Galleria mellonella infection model had its phenotype reverted to wild‐type (WT) when EVs produced by WT cells were coinfected with the knockout line, thus implicating EVs in the promotion of infection (Castelli et al., 2022 ). To date little has been reported about the potential role of C. albicans EVs in the infection process, although there is evidence that Candida EVs can elicit an immune response.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SUR7 deletion in Candida albicans impacts extracellular vesicle features and delivery of virulence factors

McKenna

Garcia-Ceron

Bleackley

et al. 2023

J of Extracellular Bio

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Extracellular vesicles (EVs) from human fungal pathogens have been implicated in fungal virulence, yet little is known about their role in the host‐pathogen interaction. Progress has been hampered by the lack of a specific marker for fungal EVs that can be used to monitor EV isolation and tracking in biological systems. Here we report the effect of a SUR7 gene knockout on the production, properties, and role of EVs in the virulence of Candida albicans. Sur7 is a component of the membrane compartment of Can1 (MCC) complex and is enriched in the EVs from C. albicans and other fungal species. MCC is a plasma membrane complex which together with the eisosome, a cytoplasmic protein complex, is a key regulator in plasma membrane organisation and plasma membrane associated processes. The SUR7 knockout strain produces smaller EVs than the wild‐type (WT) with different protein and carbohydrate cargos. Furthermore, proteins with known roles in Candida pathogenesis were present in WT EVs and absent or diminished in the sur7Δ EVs. We demonstrate that the reduced virulence of the sur7Δ cells can be partially restored with EVs from a WT strain. These findings demonstrate the importance of Sur7‐like proteins in the biogenesis of EVs in fungi and enhance our understanding of the role of fungal EVs in human pathogenesis.

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Extracellular Vesicle Formation in Cryptococcus deuterogattii Impacts Fungal Virulence and Requires the NOP16 Gene

Cited by 6 publications

References 47 publications

Fungi extracellular vesicles: extraction, cargo, and the immune system response

Fungi extracellular vesicles: extraction, cargo, and the immune system response

The emerging role of extracellular vesicles in fungi: a double-edged sword

SUR7 deletion in Candida albicans impacts extracellular vesicle features and delivery of virulence factors

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