Extracellular polysaccharides produced by tuberose callus

Honda, Yasuki; Inaoka, Hakaru; Takei, Akira; Sugimura, Yukio; Otsuji, Kazuya

doi:10.1016/0031-9422(95)00563-3

Cited by 22 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The repeating backbone unit of the minor cell wall polysaccharide, glucuronomannan [a-D-Manp-(1 ® 4)-b-D-GlcpA-(1 ® 2)-] n (Mori and Kato 1981;Redgwell 1983;Honda et al 1996) is structurally compatible with this hypothesis if the anomeric con®guration of the glucuronosyl residue is reversed by the transglycosylation reaction. However, no polysaccharide could be detected that yields MGI when co-incubated with cultured Rosa cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Biosynthetic origin and longevity in vivo of α- d -mannopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-α- d -glucuronopyranosyl-(1 → 2)- myo -inositol, an unusual extracellular oligosaccharide produced by cultured rose cells

Smith

Fry

1999

Planta

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A non-reducing trisaccharide, alpha-D-mannopyranosyl-(1 --> 4)-alpha-D-glucuronopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)-myo-inositol (MGI) accumulated in the spent medium of cell-suspension cultures of 'Paul's Scarlet' rose (Rosa sp.) predominantly during the period of rapid cell growth. This trisaccharide was also produced by cultures of sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus L.) but not by those of the graminaceous monocots maize (Zea mays L.) and tall fescue grass (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.). When added to cultured Rosa cells, [(14)C]MGI was neither taken up by the cells nor bound to the cell surface and was not metabolised extracellularly. When D-[6-(14)C]glucuronic acid was fed to cultured Rosa cells, extracellular [(14)C]MGI started to appear only after a 5-h lag period, compared with a 0.5-h lag period for labelling of extracelluar polysaccharides. Furthermore, [(14)C]MGI continued to accumulate in the medium for at least 20 h after the accumulation of (14)C-polymers had ceased. These observations indicate that extracellular MGI was produced from a slowly turning-over pool of a pre-formed intermediate. Structural considerations indicate that the intermediate could be a glucuronomannan or a phytoglycolipid (glycophosphosphingolipid). No Rosa polysaccharides could be found that generated MGI in the presence of living Rosa cells. We therefore favour phytoglycolipids as the probable biosynthetic origin of MGI.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Biosynthetic origin and longevity in vivo of α- d -mannopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-α- d -glucuronopyranosyl-(1 → 2)- myo -inositol, an unusual extracellular oligosaccharide produced by cultured rose cells

Smith

Fry

1999

Planta

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“…Plant suspension cells usually have an aggregating tendency to form cohesive cell aggregates or larger callus clusters during culture because polysaccharides excreted by plant cells increase the viscosity of cell cultures (Honda et al, 1996). Some aggregates, however, are not simply aggregated but well organized and some sophisticated differentiated structures have been reported to exist in these cultures (Lindsey and Yeoman, 1983;Hoekstra et al, 1990;Ellis et al, 1996;Xu et al, 1998).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Compact callus cluster suspension cultures of Catharanthus roseus with enhanced indole alkaloid biosynthesis

Zhao

Zhu

et al. 2001

In Vitro Cell.Dev.Biol.-Plant

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Compact callus clusters showing a certain level of cellular or tissue differentiation were established from Catharanthus roseus stem and leaf explants in a modified MS liquid induction medium supplemented with 5.37 mM a-naphthaleneacetic acid and 4.65 mM kinetin. In the induction medium most leaf explants developed into friable half-closed hollow callus clusters, whereas in the same medium containing 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid instead of a-naphthaleneacetic acid, most leaf explants were induced to form dispersed cell suspension cultures. Characteristics of these different types of suspension cultures were compared, and the results showed that the compact callus clusters could synthesize indole alkaloids 1.9-and 2.4-fold higher than the half-closed hollow callus clusters and dispersed cell cultures, respectively. The degree of compaction expressed by the ratio of fresh weight to dry weight of these suspension cultures was correlated to indole alkaloid production. Our studies also postulated that the level of cellular/tissue differentiation might be responsible for these different alkaloid synthesis capabilities. Sucrose regime affected some properties (the size, degree of compaction, differentiation level) of the compact callus cluster cultures and therefore influenced alkaloid production.

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“…To position 3 of many GlcA and Man residues are attached diverse side chains rich in α -Ara, β -Gal, α -Fuc (Redgwell et al 1986 ) and sometimes Xyl. Some GlcA residues are reported to be methyl -esterifi ed (Honda et al 1996 ); if confi rmed, this is a unique feature.…”

Section: Glucuronomannansmentioning

confidence: 94%

Cell Wall Polysaccharide Composition and Covalent Crosslinking

Fry¹

2010

Annual Plant Reviews

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Genetics now potentially lets us modify the production, crosslinking and degradation of cell wall polysaccharides. There remains, however, the need to test experimentally whether intended modifi cations of polysaccharide metabolism have successfully been effected in vivo . Simple methods for this are described, including in -vivo radiolabelling, enzymic dissection (e.g. with Driselase) and chromatographic/electrophoretic fractionation of dissection products.After an overview of polysaccharide chemistry, I discuss the structures and taxonomic distribution of wall polysaccharides in charophytes and land plants. Primary and secondary walls are compared.The major wall polysaccharides are cellulose [microfi brillar β -(1 → 4) -d -glucan], pectins ( α -d -galacturonate -rich) and hemicelluloses (lacking galacturonate; hydrogen -bonding to cellulose; extractable by 6 M NaOH at 37 ° C). Land -plant pectins are anionic polymers built of about four glycosidically interconnected domains (homogalacturonan, rhamnogalacturonans I and II, xylogalacturonan). Hemicelluloses occurring in most/all land plants are α -xylo -β -glucans, β -xylans (including α -arabino -β -xylans, α -glucurono -β -xylans, etc.) and β -mannans (including α -galacto -β -mannans, β -gluco -β -mannans, etc.). Another hemicellulose [mixed -linkage β -(1 → 3)(1 → 4) -d -glucan) is confi ned to Equisetum and some Poales.Other taxonomically restricted features of angiosperm primary walls occur in Poales (xylose -poor xyloglucans; feruloylated arabinoxylans); Solanales and Lamiales (characteristic xyloglucans); Caryophyllales (feruloylated pectins); and Alismatales (apiogalacturonan). I also summarize characteristic wall features of charophytes, bryophytes, lycopodiophytes, fern -allies and gymnosperms.

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Extracellular polysaccharides produced by tuberose callus

Cited by 22 publications

References 33 publications

Biosynthetic origin and longevity in vivo of α- d -mannopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-α- d -glucuronopyranosyl-(1 → 2)- myo -inositol, an unusual extracellular oligosaccharide produced by cultured rose cells

Biosynthetic origin and longevity in vivo of α- d -mannopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-α- d -glucuronopyranosyl-(1 → 2)- myo -inositol, an unusual extracellular oligosaccharide produced by cultured rose cells

Compact callus cluster suspension cultures of Catharanthus roseus with enhanced indole alkaloid biosynthesis

Cell Wall Polysaccharide Composition and Covalent Crosslinking

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