Extracellular Metabolites from Industrial Microalgae and Their Biotechnological Potential

Liu, Lu; Pohnert, Georg; Dong, Wei

doi:10.3390/md14100191

Cited by 147 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 140 publications

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“…Chemical analysis of Chlorella extract Chlorella as the freshwater microalgae is considered the most useful green algae (Liu et al 2016). It contains lipopolysaccharides which differ from Gram-negative bacteria because chlorella has no endotoxins (Stewart et al 2006).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maximizing the efficacy of Trichoderma to control Cephalosporium maydis, causing maize late wilt disease, using freshwater microalgae extracts

Elshahawy

El-Sayed

2018

Egypt J Biol Pest Control

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The main goal of this study was enhancing the biocontrol activity of Trichoderma spp. (T. harzianum, T. koningii, T. viride, and T. virens) against Cephalosporium maydis, the cause of late wilt disease in maize. Five isolates of C. maydis were isolated from diseased maize plants, showing late wilt symptoms, and were collected from infected maize fields in Gharbia Governorate, Egypt. Pathogenicity test revealed that all C. maydis isolates were able to attack maize plants (cv. Baladi), which cause late wilt disease. Isolate 3 (Cm3) was the most virulent of them. In in vitro experiments, vegetative growth of the mycelium of C. maydis was highly inhibited after opposite sides' treatment by Trichoderma species on Potato Dextrose Agar plates amended with Chlorella vulgaris extracts (cool and hot extracts) than unamended one. Formulation of C. vulgaris extracts and Trichoderma spp. were prepared. The formulations maintained the capacity of Trichoderma spp. to inhibit growth of the pathogen for up to 1 year when stored at both room temperature or at 7°C. These formulations (3-day-old) were examined for biological control activities against late wilt disease of maize. Under greenhouse and field conditions, all treatments reduced late wilt incidence compared to the untreated control. Treatments involved Trichoderma spp., and C. vulgaris extracts were more effective than that used individually. Both of the C. vulgaris extracts, with each of T. virens and T. koningii, were the most effective treatments in this respect. Under greenhouse conditions, formulation treatments (C. vulgaris extracts and Trichoderma spp.) significantly increase the plant growth of maize plants, i.e., plant height and plant dry weight as compared to the non-treated control either in infested or in un-infested soil with C. maydis. Under field conditions, these formulations increased the grain yield as well as ear parameters as compared with either C. vulgaris extracts or Trichoderma spp. alone as well as non-treated control. This study suggests that the efficacy of Trichoderma spp. was enhanced with C. vulgaris extracts and these formulations can be developed as bio-fungicides for minimizing the late wilt disease caused by C. maydis in maize.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maximizing the efficacy of Trichoderma to control Cephalosporium maydis, causing maize late wilt disease, using freshwater microalgae extracts

Elshahawy

El-Sayed

2018

Egypt J Biol Pest Control

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“…Polysaccharides and proteins are two major components in algal EPS (Xiao & Zheng, ). Polysaccharide protects cells from unfavorable stress and is involved in cell‐to‐cell interactions, adhesion, and biofilm formation (Liu, Pohnert, & Wei, ). In the present study, the accumulation of EPS polysaccharide was much higher than the EPS proteins in all algal biomass.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of total dissolved solids from wastewater using a revolving algal biofilm reactor

Peng

Kumar

Gross

et al. 2019

Water Environment Research

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Total dissolved solids (TDS) comprising inorganic salts and organic matters are pollutants of concern to aquatic systems and water for human use. This work aimed to investigate the use of revolving algal biofilm (RAB) reactors as a sustainable and environmental friendly method to remove TDS from industrial effluents and municipal wastewaters. The wastewaters contained chloride, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and sulfate as the major components. The RAB reactors fed with synthetic industrial effluent with high TDS level demonstrated the best algal growth, with the highest TDS removal efficiency (27%) and removal rate (2,783 mg/L-day and 19,530 mg/m 2 -day). A suspended algal culture system only removed 3% TDS from the same wastewater. The TDS removal by the RAB reactors was considered due to several mechanisms such as absorption by the algae cells, adsorption by extracellular polymeric substance of the biofilm, and/or precipitation. Collectively, this research shows that the RAB reactors can serve as an efficient system in wastewater remediation for TDS removal. © 2019 Water Environment Federation • Practitioner points• Total dissolved solids (TDS) in wastewater are pollutants of concern. • The RAB reactors can remove TDS from various types of wastewater. • The RAB reactors removed TDS by adsorbing ions elements such as Cl, Na, K, Ca, Mg, and S. • The algal biomass absorbs ions through extracellular polymeric substance.

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“…The extracellular polysaccharides (exopolysaccharides, EPS) constitute most of the organic material of high molecular weight released to the environment by microalgae and other microorganisms. They have antioxidant, immunomodulatory, antibacterial, antiviral, anticarcinogenic, and antihypocholesterolemic effects [97]. They are used as thickeners, emulsifiers, bioflocculants, stabilizers, and gelling agents in foods and cosmetics; are soluble in water; and modify the rheological properties of solutions increasing their viscosity to form gels [1,98].…”

Section: Polysaccharidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Colonial Microalgae Botryococcus braunii as Biorefinery

Lozoya‐Gloria¹,

Cruz²,

Ozawa-Uyeda³

2020

Microalgae - From Physiology to Application

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The growing shortage of fossil fuels caused an increase in the demand for alternative and renewable fuels. Biofuels, like bioethanol and biodiesel, have received more attention as a sustainable replacement of fossil fuels. However, these have a poor oxidative stability, little energy content by volume, and many oxygenated compounds, which may cause corrosion and damage to the engines. Therefore, they are used as a mixture with standard fuels. Some species of microalgae are candidates to produce oils as triglycerides (TGA) to produce biodiesel by transesterification; however, the problem will remain. The colonial microalgae Botryococcus braunii produces and accumulates a high amount of long-chain nonoxygenated hydrocarbons, similar to those obtained from the fractionated distillation of crude petroleum. This is one of the few organisms reported to have a direct contribution in the formation of the oil reserves currently in use. Additionally, B. braunii produces pigments and long-chain carbohydrates that have interesting properties for various industries. There are still problems to be solved in order to consider it as economically viable and profitable, but important progress is being made. Therefore, this microalga is very attractive for the synthesis of hydrocarbons and other value-added compounds, making it an interesting biorefinery organism.

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Extracellular Metabolites from Industrial Microalgae and Their Biotechnological Potential

Cited by 147 publications

References 140 publications

Maximizing the efficacy of Trichoderma to control Cephalosporium maydis, causing maize late wilt disease, using freshwater microalgae extracts

Maximizing the efficacy of Trichoderma to control Cephalosporium maydis, causing maize late wilt disease, using freshwater microalgae extracts

Removal of total dissolved solids from wastewater using a revolving algal biofilm reactor

The Colonial Microalgae Botryococcus braunii as Biorefinery

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