Extracellular Matrix and Mineralization of Craniofacial Bone

McKee, Marc D.; Murshed, Monzur; Kaartinen, Mari T.

doi:10.1002/9781118704868.ch12

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Such forces transduced, in part, via the tooth and the suspensory periodontal ligament to the bone result in the requirement for particularly ductile bone lining the tooth alveolus. The bulk of the alveolar bone probably has an organic and an inorganic composition similar to that of bone found elsewhere (121), but the bone immediately lining the osseous alveolus has a unique structure, appearing variably as either a thin 'fringe' of bone accommodating the many insertion sites of the periodontal ligament ( Fig. 1) or as so-called bundle bone (13) where it is thicker and more developed.…”

Section: Overview Of Extracellular Matrices Of the Teeth And Periodonmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Jaw bone in the craniofacial complex is generally not unlike bone elsewhere , but its origins are different, with much of it deriving from a neural crest cell contribution . Another unique characteristic of jaw bone is its high turnover (remodeling) rate , presumably resulting from substantially large and frequent mastication forces exerted primarily by the masseter muscle.…”

Section: Overview Of Extracellular Matrices Of the Teeth And Periodonmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, some discussion is given here concerning the terminal ends of periodontal ligament collagen fibers, known as Sharpey's fibers, because they mineralize at their extremities where they insert into alveolar bone at one end and into tooth-root cementum at the other end. Jaw bone in the craniofacial complex is generally not unlike bone elsewhere (121), but its origins are different, with much of it deriving from a neural crest cell contribution (130). Another unique characteristic of jaw bone is its high turnover (remodeling) rate (23,169), presumably resulting from substantially large and frequent mastication forces exerted primarily by the masseter muscle.…”

Section: Overview Of Extracellular Matrices Of the Teeth And Periodonmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extracellular matrix mineralization in periodontal tissues: Noncollagenous matrix proteins, enzymes, and relationship to hypophosphatasia and X‐linked hypophosphatemia

McKee¹,

Hoac²,

Addison³

et al. 2013

Periodontology 2000

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As broadly demonstrated for the formation of a functional skeleton, proper mineralization of periodontal alveolar bone and teeth – where calcium phosphate crystals are deposited and grow within an extracellular matrix – is essential to dental function. Mineralization defects in tooth dentin and cementum of the periodontium invariably lead to a weak (soft or brittle) dentition such that teeth become loose and prone to infection and are lost prematurely. Mineralization of the extremities of periodontal ligament fibres (Sharpey's fibres) where they insert into tooth cementum and alveolar bone is also essential for the function of the tooth suspensory apparatus in occlusion and mastication. Molecular determinants of mineralization in these tissues include mineral ion concentrations (phosphate and calcium), pyrophosphate, small integrin-binding ligand N-linked glycoproteins (SIBLINGs), and matrix vesicles. Amongst the enzymes important in regulating these mineralization determinants, two are discussed at length here with clinical examples given, namely tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) and phosphate-regulating gene with homologies to endopeptidases on the X chromosome (PHEX). Inactivating mutations in these enzymes in humans and in mouse models lead to the soft bones and teeth characteristic of hypophosphatasia (HPP) and X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH), respectively, where levels of local and systemic circulating mineralization determinants are perturbed. In XLH, in addition to renal phosphate wasting causing low circulating phosphate levels, phosphorylated mineralization-regulating SIBLING proteins such as matrix extracellular phosphoglycoprotein (MEPE) and osteopontin (OPN), and the phosphorylated peptides proteolytically released from them such as the acidic serine- and aspartate-rich motif (ASARM) peptide, may accumulate locally to impair mineralization in this disease.

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Section: Overview Of Extracellular Matrices Of the Teeth And Periodonmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Overview Of Extracellular Matrices Of the Teeth And Periodonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Overview Of Extracellular Matrices Of the Teeth And Periodonmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extracellular matrix mineralization in periodontal tissues: Noncollagenous matrix proteins, enzymes, and relationship to hypophosphatasia and X‐linked hypophosphatemia

McKee¹,

Hoac²,

Addison³

et al. 2013

Periodontology 2000

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“…Other than osteoblasts, osteocytes and osteoclasts also facilitate bone regeneration and remodeling. In general, orofacial tissues have limited and variable capacity for regeneration [19].…”

Section: Structure Of the Craniofacial Bone Tissuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospectives for using artificial scaffolds in oral and craniofacial surgery: literature review

Yaremenko¹,

Lysenko²,

Ivanova³

et al. 2018

CTT

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Regenerative medicine is an emerging field of biotechnology that combines various aspects of medicine including cell and molecular biology, material science and bioengineering -to regenerate, repair or replace tissues. Bone regeneration is a promising approach in dentistry and is considered an ideal clinical strategy in treating diseases, injuries, and defects of the maxillofacial area. Advances in tissue engineering have resulted in the development of innovative scaffold designs, complemented by the progress made in cell-based therapies. In vitro bone regeneration can be achieved by the combination of stem cells, scaffolds, and bioactive factors. A possible improvement in restoring damaged tissues may be achieved by load-ing the scaffolds with drug substances, as well as genetic material, growth factors or other proteins, promoting the tissue regeneration. This review focuses on different biomaterials currently used in dentistry, as potential scaffolds for bone regeneration when treating bone defects, or in surgical interventions, including characteristics and types of these scaffolds, and a literature review of local antibiotic delivery by combined usage of scaffolds and drug-delivery systems.

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“…Bones are highly vascularized to provide nutrients and oxygen to the bone cells and to remove debris in the extracellular matrix. Other than osteoblasts, osteocytes and osteoclasts also facilitate bone regeneration and remodeling [ 29 ].…”

Section: Structure Of the Craniofacial Bone Tissuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconstruction of Craniomaxillofacial Bone Defects Using Tissue-Engineering Strategies with Injectable and Non-Injectable Scaffolds

Gaihre

Uswatta

Jayasuriya

2017

JFB

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Engineering craniofacial bone tissues is challenging due to their complex structures. Current standard autografts and allografts have many drawbacks for craniofacial bone tissue reconstruction; including donor site morbidity and the ability to reinstate the aesthetic characteristics of the host tissue. To overcome these problems; tissue engineering and regenerative medicine strategies have been developed as a potential way to reconstruct damaged bone tissue. Different types of new biomaterials; including natural polymers; synthetic polymers and bioceramics; have emerged to treat these damaged craniofacial bone tissues in the form of injectable and non-injectable scaffolds; which are examined in this review. Injectable scaffolds can be considered a better approach to craniofacial tissue engineering as they can be inserted with minimally invasive surgery; thus protecting the aesthetic characteristics. In this review; we also focus on recent research innovations with different types of stem-cell sources harvested from oral tissue and growth factors used to develop craniofacial bone tissue-engineering strategies.

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Extracellular Matrix and Mineralization of Craniofacial Bone

Cited by 5 publications

References 54 publications

Extracellular matrix mineralization in periodontal tissues: Noncollagenous matrix proteins, enzymes, and relationship to hypophosphatasia and X‐linked hypophosphatemia

Extracellular matrix mineralization in periodontal tissues: Noncollagenous matrix proteins, enzymes, and relationship to hypophosphatasia and X‐linked hypophosphatemia

Prospectives for using artificial scaffolds in oral and craniofacial surgery: literature review

Reconstruction of Craniomaxillofacial Bone Defects Using Tissue-Engineering Strategies with Injectable and Non-Injectable Scaffolds

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