Extinction in multiple contexts: Effects on the rate of extinction and the strength of response recovery

Bustamante, Javier; Uengoer, Metin; Thorwart, Anna; Lachnit, Harald

doi:10.3758/s13420-016-0212-7

Cited by 18 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…As Sullivan et al () argued, the Nonsequential assessment of renewal reported herein aligns more closely to the contextual changes that clients experience during outpatient treatment for severe destructive behavior than does the standard, Sequential method for assessing renewal. A small but burgeoning literature has been devoted to mitigation of relapse in the face of contextual changes (e.g., Bernal‐Gamboa, Nieto, & Uengoer, ; Bustamante, Uengoer, Thorwart, & Lachnit, ; Kelley, Jimenez‐Gomez, Podlesnik, & Morgan, ). Unless these intervention strategies are assessed in the context of outpatient services for severe destructive behavior or other behavior disorders (as in the case of Kelley et al, ) or under the Nonsequential renewal assessment reported here, it remains to be seen whether those strategies would successfully mitigate renewal under the set of environmental/contingency changes in place during outpatient behavioral services.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Further evaluation of a nonsequential approach to studying operant renewal

Craig

Sullivan

Roane

2019

J Exper Analysis Behavior

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Basic‐laboratory assessments of renewal may inform clinical efforts to maintain reduction of severe destructive behavior when clients transition between contexts. The contextual changes arranged during standard renewal procedures, however, do not necessarily align with those that clients experience during outpatient therapy. More specifically, clients transition between clinical (associated with extinction for target behavior) and home/community (associated with reinforcement for target behavior) contexts during outpatient treatment. Standard renewal assessments do not incorporate these contextual alternations during treatment. The present experiment aimed to directly compare renewal of rats' lever pressing following a standard (“sequential”) ABA renewal procedure (i.e., baseline in Context A, extinction in Context B, renewal test in Context A) and a “nonsequential” renewal assessment wherein treatment consisted of daily alternation between Context A (associated with reinforcement for lever pressing) and Context B (associated with extinction). Lever pressing renewed to a greater extent for rats in the Nonsequential group than for rats in the Sequential group, suggesting the contextual changes that clients experience during outpatient treatment for severe destructive behavior may be a variable that is important to consider in translational research on renewal. Potential implications of these findings for basic and clinical research on renewal are discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Further evaluation of a nonsequential approach to studying operant renewal

Craig

Sullivan

Roane

2019

J Exper Analysis Behavior

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“…Further studies have investigated other phenomena of context-related extinction learning using this paradigm of the predictive learning task - e.g. extinction in multiple contexts (Bustamante et al 2016 ; Glautier et al 2013 ) or differently composed contexts (Lucke et al 2014 ), as well as partial reinforcement and context switch effects (Abad et al 2009 ; Rosas and Callejas-Aguilera 2006 ). In imaging and pharmacological studies, the predictive learning task has been used to investigate areas active during extinction and renewal, the role of stress and of the dopaminergic and noradrenergic systems for extinction and renewal (Hamacher-Dang et al 2013 ; Kinner et al 2016 ; S. Lissek et al 2015a ; Lissek et al 2015b ; Lissek et al 2013 , 2016 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The GABAergic system in prefrontal cortex and hippocampus modulates context-related extinction learning and renewal in humans

Lissek

Golisch

Glaubitz

et al. 2016

Brain Imaging and Behavior

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Context-related extinction learning and renewal in humans is mediated by hippocampal and prefrontal regions. Renewal is defined as the reoccurrence of an extinguished response if the contexts present during extinction learning and recall differ. Animal studies implicate hippocampal γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) A receptors in extinction and renewal. However, human studies on GABAergic mechanisms in extinction learning are lacking. In this fMRI study, we therefore investigated the role of the GABAergic system in context-related extinction learning and renewal. Participants treated with the GABA A agonist lorazepam prior to extinction learning were impaired in encoding changed associations during extinction learning, regardless of context, and in retrieving extinction associations during recall. In contrast, retrieval of associations learned during acquisition was largely unaffected, which led to reduced genuine renewal, since acquisition associations were retrieved context-independently. These deficits, which were presumably due to weak encoding of extinction associations, were related to altered BOLD activation in regions relevant for context processing and retrieval, as well as response selection: reduced activation in bilateral PFC and hippocampus during extinction learning and recall, and increased ventromedial/orbitofrontal cortex activation during recall. Our findings indicate that the GABergic system is involved in context-related extinction learning and recall in humans, by modulating hippocampus-based context processing and PFC-based processing of changed associations and subsequent response selection.

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“…In a we compared light with heavy drinkers and in Experiment 2 we compared light with abstinent dependent drinkers. The computer task used has well-established methods and is typical of tasks used in the study of human Pavlovian learning [17,[23][24][25]. The task consists of a series of trials in which distinctive onscreen cues (CSs) and outcomes (USs) are presented.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Slow associative learning in alcohol dependence and the alcohol cue exposure treatment paradox

2020

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Aims To examine two explanations for the observation that cue–exposure treatment has not been clearly effective in the treatment of alcohol dependence: do alcohol‐dependent individuals have either (1) slower extinction and/or (2) greater contextual specificity of extinction than non‐dependent individuals? Design In two exploratory laboratory experiments we used mixed factorial designs with two‐group between‐subjects factors and within‐subjects factors corresponding to performance in different parts of a computer‐based learning task. Setting University of Southampton psychology research laboratories and two addiction treatment services in the city of Southampton, UK. Participants Experiment 1: 74 (54 female) undergraduates from the University of Southampton (age mean = 20.4 years). Experiment 2: 102 (40 female) participants from the University of Southampton, the local community, and from two Southampton alcohol treatment services (age mean = 41.3 years). Measurements The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, a 1‐week time‐line follow‐back alcohol consumption questionnaire, the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (11th edn), and a computerized learning task. Experiment 2 additionally used the 44‐item Big Five Inventory, a drug use history checklist, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Findings Experiment 1: light and heavy drinkers did not differ significantly in extinction [extinction block × drinking status interaction, P = 0.761, ηp2=0.005, 95% confidence interval (CI) = (0,0.028)] or on contextual control of extinction [recovery block × drinking status interaction, P = 0.514, ηp2=0.009, 95% CI =(0, 0.084)]. Experiment 2: slower extinction in abstinent alcohol‐dependent participants compared with light drinkers [extinction block × drinking status interaction, P = 0.023, ηp2=0.031, 95% CI = 0, 0.069)] but no significant difference on contextual control of extinction [recovery block × drinking status interaction, P = 0.069, ηp2=0.033, 95% CI = (0, 0.125)]. Conclusion Abstinent alcohol‐dependent people may have slower extinction learning for alcohol‐related cues than non‐dependent light drinkers.

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Extinction in multiple contexts: Effects on the rate of extinction and the strength of response recovery

Cited by 18 publications

References 32 publications

Further evaluation of a nonsequential approach to studying operant renewal

Further evaluation of a nonsequential approach to studying operant renewal

The GABAergic system in prefrontal cortex and hippocampus modulates context-related extinction learning and renewal in humans

Slow associative learning in alcohol dependence and the alcohol cue exposure treatment paradox

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