External Morphology and Ultra-Structure of Eggs and First Instar ofPrepona Laertes Laertes(Hübner, [1811]), with Notes on Host Plant use and Taxonomy

Abstract

The external morphology and the tegument ultra-structure of Prepona laertes laertes (Hübner, [1811]) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Charaxinae) eggs and first instar larvae feeding on Inga spp. (Fabaceae) in a forest fragment in Joinville, Santa Catarina, Brazil, are described. Descriptions of the morphology with illustrations are presented, based upon observations through scanning electron microscopy and stereoscopic and optic microscopes attached to a camera lucida. Descriptions and illustrations of the head capsule, chaetotaxy, tegument, and setae are presented. The taxonomy, morphological characters, and host plant use of Prepona laertes immature stages are discussed.

Immature stages of the turquoise‐banded shoemaker Archaeoprepona amphimachus pseudomeander (Fruhstorfer, 1906) and a comparative review of the Preponini (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)

“…51), as first noticed by Furtado () on P. amydon ferdinandi and further noted on M. pheridamas by Furtado (), P. claudina annetta by Casagrande and Mielke (), P. laertes laertes by Dias et al . () and P. pylene by Bonfantti D (unpublished data). Muyshondt () also briefly noted the spines on the third instar of P. laertes octavia , but overlooked them afterwards.…”

“…The spatulate setae on the prothorax, described for the first time by Dias et al . (), are absent in the following anaeinae genera: Zaretis Hübner, [1819], Siderone Hübner, [1823] and Memphis Hübner, [1819] (Dias et al . ; Dias et al .…”

Biology and External Morphology of Immature Stages of the Butterfly,Diaethria candrena candrena

“…Detailed descriptions are of great importance not only to aid in identification of larvae in the field, but they are also fundamental to extract characters for taxonomy and phylogenetic inference ( Freitas and Brown 2004 ; Barbosa et al 2010 ). Detailed studies of immature stage morphology and information on host plant use can be helpful to settle certain taxonomic conundrums, and thus should be carefully reported ( Dias et al 2011 ). It is expected that further information on immature stages of Biblidinae will be of great value ( Freitas et al 1997 ), especially when information from species of some genera (e.g., Paulogramma , Catacore , Mesotenia , Antigonis , Orophila ) and taxa from speciose genera which immature stages are still unknown becomes available.…”