External Filter Cake Buildup in Dynamic Filtration: Mechanisms and Key Factors

Abstract

The external filter cake build-up with its final stabilization has been widely reported for waterflooding in oilfields, drilling, produced water re-injection and disposal of produced water in aquifers. The brief overview of the models for cake formation and stabilization is presented. We derive the mechanical equilibrium equation for stabilized cake accounting for electrostatic force and for varying permeate force factor. The main empirical parameter of the model, highly affecting the stabilized cake prediction is the lever arm ratio for the particle on the cake surface. The lever arm ratio was calculated from laboratory cross-flow filtration experiments and from well injectivity data. It was also determined from Hertz's theory for the elastic particle deformation on the solid cake surface. Good agreement between the results validates the developed mechanical equilibrium model with the lever arm ratio determined from the elastic particle deformation theory.

Improvement in filtration properties of water-based drilling fluid by nanocarboxymethyl cellulose/polystyrene core–shell nanocomposite

“…Moreover, effect of nanoparticles on drilling fluid rheology at high salinity and HPHT (high pressure high temperature) conditions can be investigated more deeply (Mozaffari et al 2015;Sharma et al 2016). Dynamic filtration of drilling fluid with nanoparticles highly improves our understanding of their effect when cross-flow filtration (instead of dead-end filtration) conditions can be simulated similar to drilling operations since stabilized cake thickness will be achieved and deposition and removal of nanoparticles significantly affect filtration properties (Kalantariasl and Bedrikovetsky 2013;Kalantariasl et al 2014).…”

“…Results show that carboxymethyl cellulose helped to remove yield stress and increase viscosity but xanthan caused increase in yield stress and high increase in viscosity of the bentonite-polymer mixtures. Kalantariasl et al (2014) studied effect of particle size, size distribution and applied pressure on cake formation mechanisms during dynamic filtration of drilling fluids and poor quality water injection process.…”

Research on the Condition Model of Drilling Fluid Non-Retention in Eccentric Annulus

“…Finally, some micro-fractures will be generated on cement-casing and cement-formation interfaces, which make the interfacial bond become not effective with no doubt. And these microfractures provide the path for oil-gas-water channeling [1][2][3][4][5]. At last, some stimulation measures like separate layer fracturing can't achieve good effects.…”

Graded Proppant Injection into Coal Seam Gas and Shale Gas Reservoirs for Well Stimulation

“…Inadequately defined particle sizes and concentrations may yield the conductive fracture blockage without achieving the desired invasion depth (Bedrikovetsky 1993, Bedrikovetsky 2008. The particle-coal attraction, determined by ionic strength and pH of the carrier fluid may form an external filter cake on the injection core face (da Silva et al 2004, de Paiva et al 2006, Kalantariasl et al 2014a, Kalantariasl et al 2014b. To the best of our knowledge, the effects of the proppant size and concentration and the carrier fluid chemistry on the return permeability of the stimulated natural coal cleat and fracture systems have not been investigated.…”