External and internal triggers of cell death in yeast

Falcone, Claudio; Mazzoni, Cristina

doi:10.1007/s00018-016-2197-y

Cited by 62 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 158 publications

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“…It is also known that, from yeast to mammals, mitochondria play a pivotal role in determining cell ageing and apoptosis [23, 24]. In fact, pro-apoptogenic factors (cytochrome c, Aif, EndoG) stored within mitochondria are released in the cytoplasm upon apoptotic stimuli.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Annurca apple (M. pumila Miller cv Annurca) extracts act against stress and ageing in S. cerevisiae yeast cells

Stirpe

Palermo

Bianchi

et al. 2017

BMC Complement Altern Med

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BackgroundDuring the past years, a number of studies have demonstrated the positive effect of apple on ageing and different diseases such as cancer, degenerative and cardiovascular diseases.The unicellular yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae represents a simple eukaryotic model to study the effects of different compounds on lifespan. We previously demonstrated that apple extracts have anti-ageing effects in this organism because of their antioxidant properties.In particular, the effect is related to the presence in this fruit of polyphenols, which give a large contribution to the antioxidant activity of apples.MethodsWe we used a clonogenic assay to assess the viability and the resistance to oxidative stress of S. cerevisiae cells in the presence of Annurca apple extracts.The production of ROS and the aberrant morphology of nuclei were detected by cell staining with the fluorescent dies Dihydrorhodamine 123 and DAPI, respectively. Mitochondrial morphology was analyzed by following the localization of the mito-GFP protein into the mitochondrial matrix.ResultsIn this study, we show that apple extracts can increase yeast lifespan, reduce the levels of reactive oxygen species and cell sensitivity to oxidative stress, and prevent nuclei and mitochondria fragmentation protecting cells from regulated cell death.ConclusionsIn this paper, by using the yeast S. cerevisiae as a model, we have demonstrated that Annurca extracts possess antioxidant properties thanks to which the extracts can reduce the intracellular ROS levels and have anti-apoptotic functions thus prolonging cell lifespan.These results contribute to knowledge on the effects of natural compounds on ageing and support the use of yeast as a model organism for the development of simple tests to assess the effectiveness of bioactive substances from natural sources.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Annurca apple (M. pumila Miller cv Annurca) extracts act against stress and ageing in S. cerevisiae yeast cells

Stirpe

Palermo

Bianchi

et al. 2017

BMC Complement Altern Med

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“…A constant proportion of the existing damaged proteins D is converted to intact proteins P with the damage repair rate www.nature.com/scientificreports www.nature.com/scientificreports/ Cell death. Cell death constitutes an important part of the process of ageing [24][25][26] . How the gradual deterioration over time associated with ageing ultimately leads to cell death is unknown 26 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic effects of repair, resilience and retention of damage determine the conditions for replicative ageing

Borgqvist

Welkenhuysen

Cvijović

2020

Sci Rep

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Accumulation of damaged proteins is a hallmark of ageing, occurring in organisms ranging from bacteria and yeast to mammalian cells. During cell division in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, damaged proteins are retained within the mother cell, resulting in an ageing mother while a new daughter cell exhibits full replicative potential. The cell-specific features determining the ageing remain elusive. It has been suggested that the replicative ageing is dependent on the ability of the cell to repair and retain pre-existing damage. To deepen the understanding of how these factors influence the life of individual cells, we developed and experimentally validated a dynamic model of damage accumulation accounting for replicative ageing on the single cell level. The model includes five essential properties: cell growth, damage formation, damage repair, cell division and cell death, represented in a theoretical framework describing the conditions allowing for replicative ageing, starvation, immortality or clonal senescence. We introduce the resilience to damage, which can be interpreted as the difference in volume between an old and a young cell. We show that the capacity to retain damage deteriorates with high age, that asymmetric division allows for retention of damage, and that there is a trade-off between retention and the resilience property. Finally, we derive the maximal degree of asymmetry as a function of resilience, proposing that asymmetric cell division is beneficial with respect to replicative ageing as it increases the lifespan of a given organism. The proposed model contributes to a deeper understanding of the ageing process in eukaryotic organisms. Cell division, growth and death are fundamental features of any living organism. During its life cycle, a cell produces a set of functional components such as proteins or other metabolites, which will ultimately allow the cell to divide, giving rise to a newly born daughter cell. However, due to inherent imperfections in the cellular machinery over time, cells are slowly deteriorating causing essential intracellular functions to perish. At the very end of a cell's lifespan, age-associated damage builds up consistently impairing the ability of the cell to divide and survive, which eventually culminates in cell death. In environments with a sufficient amount of food, damage will be formed as a consequence of cell growth. This causes the partitioning of damage between the progenitor and progeny during cell division to be an important function. An asymmetric distribution of cell mass after division constitutes a vital part of ageing in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S.cerevisiae). The number of divisions before cell death is a measure of the age of a single yeast cell, which has been studied substantially by means of experiments 1,2 , and it is called the replicative life span (RLS). The asymmetric division of the budding yeast results in a large ageing mother cell with a finite RLS and a new small daughter cell with full replicative potential 3. Replicative ageing in...

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“…Despite the presence of a good experimental system, there are few empirical studies exploring evolutionary questions on the presence and maintenance of apoptosis within yeast populations (reviewed in Falcone and Mazzoni, ). The main problem with such experiments is the use of strains with altered proportions of apoptotic to non‐apoptotic cells, since they involve deletion of apoptotic genes such as the metacaspase gene, YCA1 .…”

Section: Example II Apoptosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Division of labour in the yeast: Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Wloch‐Salamon

Fisher

Regenberg

2017

Yeast

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Division of labour between different specialized cell types is a central part of how we describe complexity in multicellular organisms. However, it is increasingly being recognized that division of labour also plays an important role in the lives of predominantly unicellular organisms. Saccharomyces cerevisiae displays several phenotypes that could be considered a division of labour, including quiescence, apoptosis and biofilm formation, but they have not been explicitly treated as such. We discuss each of these examples, using a definition of division of labour that involves phenotypic variation between cells within a population, cooperation between cells performing different tasks and maximization of the inclusive fitness of all cells involved. We then propose future research directions and possible experimental tests using S. cerevisiae as a model organism for understanding the genetic mechanisms and selective pressures that can lead to the evolution of the very first stages of a division of labour. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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External and internal triggers of cell death in yeast

Cited by 62 publications

References 158 publications

Annurca apple (M. pumila Miller cv Annurca) extracts act against stress and ageing in S. cerevisiae yeast cells

Annurca apple (M. pumila Miller cv Annurca) extracts act against stress and ageing in S. cerevisiae yeast cells

Synergistic effects of repair, resilience and retention of damage determine the conditions for replicative ageing

Division of labour in the yeast: Saccharomyces cerevisiae

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