Extent, Location and Profiles of Continuing Gentrification in Canadian Metropolitan Areas, 1981-2001

Meligrana, John; Skaburskis, Andrejs

doi:10.1080/00420980500185462

Cited by 54 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Whereas ageing may have brought newer buildings down in price in the past to yield the steeper 1981 profiles, the changes since 1981 have made the older buildings relatively more expensive. This finding supports the view presented by Meligrana and Skaburskis (2005) that gentrification pressures are widespread and affect much larger portions of the older parts of the city than is apparent by just looking at the physical changes to the neighbourhoods. The changes in the income profiles in Toronto and Vancouver support this conclusion.…”

Section: The Changing Profilessupporting

confidence: 90%

Filtering, City Change and the Supply of Low-priced Housing in Canada

Skaburskis

2006

Urban Studies

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This paper examines the filtering process and shows the extent of the forces that are gentrifying Canadian cities. The 1996 census micro data are used to develop rent-and price-age profiles of dwellings in each of Canada's census metropolitan areas. The analysis shows that the filtering process is both too slow and, at best, can have too small an effect to be a part of a government strategy for reducing the housing burdens of low-income people. Filtering is not helping lower-income households. The most important finding shows the reversal in the direction of filtering in all Canadian metropolitan areas since 1981. The rents and prices of older dwellings have been rising faster than those of the newer units. The steep 1971 rent-and priceage profiles for Montreal and Toronto are explained to show that government policies would not be able to induce the amount of filtering needed to have a noticeable effect on the welfare of lower-income households. The pressures that eventually find expression in gentrified neighbourhoods are affecting much of the older housing stock. Cities in other countries that are experiencing gentrification may be subject to the same pressures.

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Section: The Changing Profilessupporting

confidence: 90%

Filtering, City Change and the Supply of Low-priced Housing in Canada

Skaburskis

2006

Urban Studies

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“…There are two major studies that use aggregate statistics to determine the extent and location of gentrification across cities in Canada (Meligrana & Skaburskis, 2005;Walks & Maaranen, 2008). The Walks and Maaranen (2008) study, which builds upon Hammel and Wyly (1996), Wyly and Hammel (1998), Meligrana and Skaburskis (2005), and Heidkamp and Lucas (2006), detects gentrification across Montreal, Toronto, and Vancouver using principal component analysis (PCA).…”

Section: Urban Geographymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Walks and Maaranen (2008) study, which builds upon Hammel and Wyly (1996), Wyly and Hammel (1998), Meligrana and Skaburskis (2005), and Heidkamp and Lucas (2006), detects gentrification across Montreal, Toronto, and Vancouver using principal component analysis (PCA). They uncover a classification of neighborhood gentrification and upgrading occurring in stages within the 1971-2001 period using census tract data.…”

Section: Urban Geographymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The resulting timing and patterning of gentrification was then field tested and confirmed by those with expertise in each of the three metropolitan areas. Meligrana and Skaburskis' (2005) study also used PCA to derive a classification of neighborhood gentrification. Results were obtained from the respective authors of both studies, and there are two major factors that justify our use of Walks and Maaranen's results as the independent variables in the analysis to follow, rather than the results from Meligrana and Skaburskis' study.…”

Section: Urban Geographymentioning

confidence: 99%

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The impact of gentrification on residential evictions

Chum

2015

Urban Geography

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Gentrification, a process of transforming working-class areas into middle-class use, is a pervasive process in many cities around the world. Although researchers recognize the dangers of displacement in this process, the magnitude of dislocation is highly contested. Literature on gentrification offers little guidance with regard to understanding the timing of displacement in a gentrifying neighborhood. Moreover, evictions have been neglected as a form of gentrification-led displacement, which may have led to underestimating displacement effects. This study sheds light on the geography of displacement through an analysis of 59,415 eviction applications in the City of Toronto from 1999 to 2001, which are compared with the timing of gentrification at the census tract level (n = 502). The study finds that evictions are positively associated with (1) neighborhoods in early stages of gentrification, and (2) "pre-gentrified neighborhoods" that are beginning to be marked by changes in social composition, that is, an increasing number of artists and people with higher education, but no significant increase yet in aggregate income or the number of owner-occupied dwellings. By illuminating the timing and magnitude of displacement in gentrifying neighborhoods, this study fosters a better understanding of gentrification outcomes that may inform policies to ameliorate its negative impacts.

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“…Additionally, the economic reality encourages young adults to move into inner city neighborhoods because of the possibility of staying in smaller housing units at a lower total cost, compared to buying a single-family housing unit in suburbs. In the case of more desirable urban locations with higher rents, young people can trade off potentially higher housing costs for walkable and lifestyle amenities, as well as lower transportation costs [63,64,66]. In this context, a recent study conducted by Moos (2015) showed that gentrified areas are more likely to be occupied by young age residents.…”

Section: Walkable Neighborhood Amenitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

What’s the Score? Walkable Environments and Subsidized Households

Kim

Woo

2016

Sustainability

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Neighborhood walkability can influence individual health, social interactions, and environmental quality, but the relationships between subsidized households and their walkable environment have not been sufficiently examined in previous empirical studies. Focusing on two types of subsidized housing developments (Low-Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC) and Public Housing (PH)) in Austin, Texas, this study evaluates the neighborhood walkability of place-based subsidized households, utilizing objectively measured Walk Score and walking-related built environment data. We also used U.S. Census block group data to account for the socio-demographic covariates. Based on various data, we employed bivariate and multivariate analyses to specify the relationships between subsidized households and their neighborhood walkable environment. The results of our bivariate analyses show that LIHTC households tend to be located in car-dependent neighborhoods and have more undesirable walking-related built environment conditions compared with non-LIHTC neighborhoods. Our regression results also represent that LIHTC households are more likely to be exposed to neighborhoods with low Walk Score, less sidewalk coverage, and more highways and major roads, while there are no significant associations for PH households. These findings imply that more attention and effort toward reducing the inequitable distributions of walkable neighborhood features supporting rather than hindering healthy lifestyles must be provided to subsidized households.

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Extent, Location and Profiles of Continuing Gentrification in Canadian Metropolitan Areas, 1981-2001

Cited by 54 publications

References 31 publications

Filtering, City Change and the Supply of Low-priced Housing in Canada

Filtering, City Change and the Supply of Low-priced Housing in Canada

The impact of gentrification on residential evictions

What’s the Score? Walkable Environments and Subsidized Households

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