Extension of the Limits of Cellular Pathology: The Role of Enzyme Histochemistry

Pearse, A. G. E.

doi:10.1136/jcp.11.6.520

Cited by 48 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(11 reference statements)

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“…Alkaline phosphatase was observed in the endothelium of the sinuses. Pearse (1958) reported that the vascular endothelial cells of small blood vessels contain alkaline phosphatase which helps in active transport. As Mosbach‐Ozmen et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histological, Histochemical and Immunohistochemical Study of the Haemal Nodes of the Dromedary Camel

Zidan

Pabst

2004

Anat Histol Embryol

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Haemal nodes are lymphoid organs found in various mammals and some birds. The structure of haemal nodes has been described in a number of species but not yet in the camel. Therefore, haemal nodes from 10 camels were studied histologically and tested for CD3, CD22, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II/DR, alpha-smooth muscle actin and for the demonstration of acid and alkaline phosphatases. The haemal nodes were of spherical or kidney shape with one or two hili and had a capsule and trabeculae of connective tissue and smooth muscles. The main parenchyma was composed of a cortex and a medulla. The cortex was formed from lymphoid follicles and diffuse interfollicular lymphocytes. The medulla consisted of lymphoid cords separated by medullary sinuses. The interfollicular lymphocytes and those in the medullary cord were CD3-positive. The lymphoid follicles showed CD22-positive cells. MHC class II/DR was expressed by most cells of the parenchyma. There were also subcapsular, peritrabecular and medullary blood sinuses. Afferent and efferent lymphatics and lymphatic sinuses were also found. Acid phosphatase-positive cells were localized mainly in the marginal, the interfollicular zone and in the medullary cord. Alkaline phosphatase positivity was observed in the endothelium of the sinuses and in the lymphoid follicles. The morphology of these organs in the camel allows a classification as haemolymph nodes and suggests involvement in blood and lymph filtration.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histological, Histochemical and Immunohistochemical Study of the Haemal Nodes of the Dromedary Camel

Zidan

Pabst

2004

Anat Histol Embryol

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“…In general, cells of the duct system contain not only several hydrolytic enzymes in a high degree but also protein bound sulfhydryl groups . Regarding the oxidative enzymes distributed in salivary glands, the localization of succinic dehydrogenase (PEARSON and DEFENDI 1954, PEARSE 1958, RUTENBURG et al 1953. KA-WAKATSU et al 1962) and cytochrome oxidase activitias (SCHNEIDER and PERSON 1960, BURSTONE 1961, PERSON et al 1961 has been reported.…”

Section: IIImentioning

confidence: 99%

Histochemical Demonstration of Oxidative Enzymes in Human Salivary Glands

Kawakatsu

Mori

Mizushima

et al. 1964

Arch. Histol. Jap., Arch. Histol. Jpn

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Histochemical Demonstration of Oxidative Enzymes in Human Salivary Glands. Recently, the salivary glands function from biochemical, physiological and histochemical standpoints have been rather highlighted. Many investigators have come to try a histochemical detection of enzymes participating in various metabolic pathway in the salivary glands of experimental animals and humans. The previous study of this series dealt with the histochemical demonstration of various hydrolytic enzymes and dehydrogenases in major salivary grands (KAWAKATSU et al. 1960 a, b, 1961 a, b, 1962 ad). It covered a comparison of the presence of enzymes in the serous and mucous cells of animal salivary glands. It also refered to relations between the localization of oxidative enzymes and their mitochondrias deposition in the electron microsrope. The present experiments were a histochemical approach to the distribution of oxidative enzymes in human major salivary glands.

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“…From observations with the MTT-Co ++ procedure, all with unfixed cryostat-cut sections, Pearse and his colleagues were led to far-reaching conclusions. These included the following: (a) that the cristae were arranged within rnitochondria not in the fashion described by electron micros-copists but as "a single continuous spiral" (26); see also (28); (b) that "if a single mitochondrion in an organ, or at least in a section of that organ, is abnormal one can demonstrate this fact and determine to some extent the metabolic direction of this abnormality" (24); and (c) that this technique provided "a simple and reliable method for demonstrating the mitochondrial population of mammalian, invertebrate and plant cells. Nobody should further consider for an instant the employment of older staining techniques for these organelles" (24).…”

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confidence: 99%

Mitochondrial Localization of Oxidative Enzymes: Staining Results With Two Tetrazolium Salts

Novikoff

Shin

Drucker

1961

The Journal of Cell Biology

567

148

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A comparison is made of the staining results obtained with Nitro-BT and MTT-Co ++ as acceptors when DPNH is the substrate in frozen sections of cold formol-calcium-fixed rat kidney (normal and following ligation of the blood vessels) and human liver containing lipofuscin granules. The kidney results are evaluated in terms of mitoehondrial morphology seen after classical mitochondrial stains and in electron micrographs. It is concluded that, except for formazan deposition on lipid-aqueous interfaces, Nitro-BT staining indicates the intracellular localization of oxidative enzymes, at least at the level of light microscopy. In contrast, the use of MTT-Co ++ is not reliable for such intracellular localizations. The deposition of the formazan of MTT-Co ++ is determined in large part by physicochemical factors other than enzyme localization. Despite marked abnormalities of the mitochondria in cells of the ligated kidney, MTT-Co ++ formazan is generally deposited in the same dotlike fashion as in cells of normal kidney.In 1957 Pearse (23) introduced the use of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl -2) -2,5 -diphenyl tetrazolium (MTT) for the localization of oxidative enzymes in tissue sections. Without addition of chelating ions, clusters of formazan crystals rapidly accumulated in the tissue. Cobaltous ions were effective in preventing formation of these needlelike crystals; the formazan remained as small dots. Describing the use of cobahous ions, Pearse (25) writes, "Thus a capture reaction has been established which prevents crystallization and which presumably also prevents diffusion of the free formazan."From observations with the MTT-Co ++ procedure, all with unfixed cryostat-cut sections, Pearse and his colleagues were led to far-reaching conclusions. These included the following: (a) that the cristae were arranged within rnitochondria not in the fashion described by electron microscopists but as "a single continuous spiral" (26); see also (28); (b) that "if a single mitochondrion in an organ, or at least in a section of that organ, is abnormal one can demonstrate this fact and determine to some extent the metabolic direction of this abnormality" (24); and (c) that this technique provided "a simple and reliable method for demonstrating the mitochondrial population of mammalian, invertebrate and plant cells. Nobody should further consider for an instant the employment of older staining techniques for these organelles" (24).By proper choice of material it is possible to put such claims for intramitochondrial localizations to critical test. The ceils in the distal and proximal convolutions of the renal tubules in the rat are ideal for unequivocal identification of mitochondria. The mitochondria are long thick 47 on

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Extension of the Limits of Cellular Pathology: The Role of Enzyme Histochemistry

Cited by 48 publications

References 22 publications

Histological, Histochemical and Immunohistochemical Study of the Haemal Nodes of the Dromedary Camel

Histological, Histochemical and Immunohistochemical Study of the Haemal Nodes of the Dromedary Camel

Histochemical Demonstration of Oxidative Enzymes in Human Salivary Glands

Mitochondrial Localization of Oxidative Enzymes: Staining Results With Two Tetrazolium Salts

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