Extending the Lifetime of Perovskite Solar Cells using a Perfluorinated Dopant

Salado, Manuel; Ramos, F. Javier; Manzanares, Valentin M.; Gao, Peng; Nazeeruddin, Mohammad Khaja; Dyson, Paul J.; Ahmad, Shahzada

doi:10.1002/cssc.201601030

Cited by 64 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…It was found that varying the percentage of the FIm dopant has a negligible effect on the absorption spectra of perovskites, with no new absorption band observed. However, the dopant compromises the homogeneity of the layers at higher loadings, that is, 2 % w/w, producing less uniform films with star‐like microstructures seen under microscope . The absorbance spectrum remains unaltered even after 40 days of exposure (Figure S2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In an earlier study, we found that the water contact angle for the different compositional engineering perovskite thin films that is, MAPbI 3 and (MA 0.15 FA 0.85 )Pb(I 0.85 Br 0.15 ) 3 increases systematically as FIm loading increase. However, at higher loading, film uniformity cannot be achieved and it was a tradeoff with device PV performance …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, incorporation of a multifunctional fluorous‐based photopolymer on the front of the device improves stability as well as the photovoltaic performance . Alternatively, incorporation of fluorinated dopants that modify the perovskite layer without altering the interface between the charge‐selective contacts could be a promising approach …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Towards Extending Solar Cell Lifetimes: Addition of a Fluorous Cation to Triple Cation‐Based Perovskite Films

et al. 2017

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Organohalide perovskites have emerged as highly promising replacements for thin‐film solar cells. However, their poor stability under ambient conditions remains problematic, hindering commercial exploitation. The addition of a fluorous‐functionalized imidazolium cation during the preparation of a highly stable cesium‐based mixed perovskite material Cs0.05(MA0.15FA0.85)0.95Pb(I0.85Br0.15)3 (MA=methylammonium; FA=formamidinium) has been shown to influence its stability. The resulting materials, which vary according to the amount of the fluorous‐functionalized imidazolium cation present during fabrication, display a prolonged tolerance to atmospheric humidity (>100 days) along with power conversion efficiencies exceeding 16 %. This work provides a general route that can be implemented in a variety of perovskites and highlights a promising way to increase perovskite solar cell stability.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Towards Extending Solar Cell Lifetimes: Addition of a Fluorous Cation to Triple Cation‐Based Perovskite Films

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“…A stabilized PCE of 20.64% (certified stabilized PCE of 19.77%) was achieved. [33] Encouraged by this result and enlightened by the advantage of increasing photostability by fluorinated aromatic ammonium iodide, [34][35][36][37][38][39] in the present study, we introduce 2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethylamine (FPEA: 4-FC 6 H 4 C 2 H 4 NH 3 ) bulky cation to grow a 2D perovskite overlayer on the top of the Cs/FA/MA triple-cation 3D perovskite to combine the high stability of 2D perovskite with high efficiency of 3D perovskite simultaneously. This was corroborated by the report from Niu et al that remarkable long-term ambient stability was achieved with a t 80 lifetime exceeding 2880 h without encapsulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐Performance Perovskite Solar Cells with Enhanced Environmental Stability Based on a (p‐FC₆H₄C₂H₄NH₃)₂[PbI₄] Capping Layer

Zhou

Liang

et al. 2019

Advanced Energy Materials

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lengths, low exciton binding energy, and ease of solution processability, which promise the perovskite-based photovoltaic devices both high efficiency and low manufacture cost. The intense effort to improve power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) has resulted in PCEs of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) increasing from 3.8% in 2009 [5] to over 23% in 9 years. [6,7] Changes in material composition (e.g., using mixed cations and halides together into a 3D lead−halide perovskites, such as [FA/MA]Pb[I/Br] 3 , [8] [FA/Cs]Pb[I/Br] 3 , [9,10] or [Cs/FA/MA]Pb[I/Br] 3[11] ) have played essential role to improve the performances and structural stability. However, the intrinsic instability of the 3D lead−halide perovskites with regard to moisture, heat, light, and oxygen remains to be entirely circumvented. [12,13] Two main measures have been taken to increase the stability of PSCs: providing sufficient protection to the perovskite material [14] and increasing the intrinsic stability of the perovskite material. [15] More importantly, techniques that can improve device stability without sacrificing the efficiency are critical for the future of PSCs. In this regard, strategies called multidimensional perovskite (MDP) using Ruddlesden-Popper type perovskite (Class I) or low dimensional polymorphs passivated 3D perovskites (Class II) were brought into being increasing the intrinsic stability of the perovskite material. [16] Ruddlesden-Popper phase layered perovskites ((RNH 3 ) 2 (MA) n−1 Pb n X 3n+1 , n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, …) [17][18][19][20][21] which was introduced by Smith et al. showed albeit low PCE the superior ambient stability, [18] where RNH 3 are large aliphatic or aromatic ammonium cations represented by n-butylammonium (BA) and 2-phenylethylammonium (PEA). (BA) 2 (MA) 2 Pb 3 I 10 as a light absorber retained its performance after exposure to a highhumidity environment for 60 d. [20] So far the highest reported PCE of Ruddlesden-Popper type perovskite-based solar cell is 15.42%. [22] Very recently, Zhang et al. utilized synchrotron source based in situ measurement to disclose the phase transition kinetics during the crystallization of Ruddlesden-Popper type perovskite. This study provided insight into the relationship between phase purity, quantum well orientation, and photovoltaic performance. [23] On the other hand, the approaches that involve low dimensional polymorphs passivated 3D perovskites, or 3D-2D perovskite stacked structures attracted extensive interest in recent years. This approach features not only the Supported by the density functional theory (DFT) calculations, for the first time, a fluorinated aromatic cation, 2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethyl ammonium iodide (FPEAI), is introduced to grow in situ a low dimensional perovskite layer atop 3D perovskite film with excess PbI 2 . The resulted (p-FC 6 H 4 C 2 H 4 NH 3 ) 2 [PbI 4 ] perovskite functions as a protective capping layer to protect the 3D perovskite from moisture. In the meantime, the thin layer facilitates charge transfer at the interfaces, thereby reducing the...

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“…Except for nonstoichiometric precursor solution approaches, introduction of various additives in the perovskite precursor solution was confirmed to improve not only the photovoltaic performance but also stability. For this purpose, additives such as imidazolium iodide, PCBM, or alkali metal ions were proposed. A bis‐analog of PCBM (α‐bis‐PCBM) was used as an additive, in which, instead of directly mixing the additive in the perovskite precursor solution, a α‐bis‐PCBM containing chlorobenzene solution was dropped while spinning the perovskite solution just like the adduct approach described in Ref.…”

Section: Interfacial Engineering In the Normal Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Interfacial Layers in Perovskite Solar Cells

2017

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Perovskite solar cells (PCSs) are composed of organic–inorganic lead halide perovskite as the light harvester. Since the first report on a long‐term‐durable, 9.7 % efficient, solid‐state perovskite solar cell, organic–inorganic halide perovskites have received considerable attention because of their excellent optoelectronic properties. As a result, a power conversion efficiency (PCE) exceeding 22 % was certified. Controlling the grain size, grain boundary, morphology, and defects of the perovskite layer is important for achieving high efficiency. In addition, interfacial engineering is equally or more important to further improve the PCE through better charge collection and a reduction in charge recombination. In this Review, the type of interfacial layers and their impact on photovoltaic performance are investigated for both the normal and the inverted cell architectures. Four different interfaces of fluorine‐doped tin oxide (FTO)/electron‐transport layer (ETL), ETL/perovskite, perovskite/hole‐transport layer (HTL), and HTL/metal are classified, and their roles are investigated. The effects of interfacial engineering with organic or inorganic materials on photovoltaic performance are described in detail. Grain‐boundary engineering is also included because it is related to interfacial engineering and the grain boundary in the perovskite layer plays an important role in charge conduction, recombination, and chargecarrier life time.

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Extending the Lifetime of Perovskite Solar Cells using a Perfluorinated Dopant

Cited by 64 publications

References 42 publications

Towards Extending Solar Cell Lifetimes: Addition of a Fluorous Cation to Triple Cation‐Based Perovskite Films

Towards Extending Solar Cell Lifetimes: Addition of a Fluorous Cation to Triple Cation‐Based Perovskite Films

High‐Performance Perovskite Solar Cells with Enhanced Environmental Stability Based on a (p‐FC₆H₄C₂H₄NH₃)₂[PbI₄] Capping Layer

Impact of Interfacial Layers in Perovskite Solar Cells

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Extending the Lifetime of Perovskite Solar Cells using a Perfluorinated Dopant

Cited by 64 publications

References 42 publications

Towards Extending Solar Cell Lifetimes: Addition of a Fluorous Cation to Triple Cation‐Based Perovskite Films

Towards Extending Solar Cell Lifetimes: Addition of a Fluorous Cation to Triple Cation‐Based Perovskite Films

High‐Performance Perovskite Solar Cells with Enhanced Environmental Stability Based on a (p‐FC6H4C2H4NH3)2[PbI4] Capping Layer

Impact of Interfacial Layers in Perovskite Solar Cells

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High‐Performance Perovskite Solar Cells with Enhanced Environmental Stability Based on a (p‐FC₆H₄C₂H₄NH₃)₂[PbI₄] Capping Layer