Extended criterion for robustness evaluations of energy conversion efficiency in DMFCs

Yang, Qinwen; Hu, Xu-Qu; Zhu, Ying; Lei, Xiu-Cheng; Yu, Biao; Ji, Shengcheng

doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2018.07.004

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…In general, experimental test and computational fluid dynamics are effective tools to study the fluid physics. [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] In this article, we mainly investigate the effect of inclined volute tongue on the aerodynamic noise and performance of a centrifugal fan by experimental test. In this section, the experimental equipment and schemes of aerodynamic performance and aerodynamic noise characteristics of centrifugal fan are introduced, respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction of aerodynamic noise of single-inlet centrifugal fan with inclined volute tongue

Hao

Wang

et al. 2020

Measurement and Control

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The effect of inclined volute tongue on the aerodynamic noise and performance of a centrifugal fan was investigated by experimental test in this article. The present work highlights that the effect of both the clearance and the radius of the volute tongue has an influence on the performance and noise. The experimental tests of various models aim to obtain the aerodynamic noise and performance characteristics of several fan models. First, the experimental results of centrifugal fan performance are tested by the standard test equipment of aerodynamic performance. The experimental results of centrifugal fan aerodynamic noise are measured by the standard test equipment of experimental noise. Our experimental results mainly show that the generation of aerodynamic noise is significantly correlated with the clearance and radius of the volute tongue. Certain geometries of the volute tongue could reduce the noise of the centrifugal fan without decreasing the performance. It is experimentally demonstrated that the high A-weighted sound pressure levels mainly concentrate on a range of from 700 to 7000 Hz frequency by observing the each 1/3 octave band frequency for four fan models. The comparison of aerodynamic noise results also demonstrates that the inclined volute tongue may not only produce a deceasing of about 1.58 dB compared to that of the baseline model. We further obtain that the properly inclined volute tongue not only has positive performance features compared with the baseline model but also effectively controls the broadband frequency noise of single-inlet centrifugal fan.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction of aerodynamic noise of single-inlet centrifugal fan with inclined volute tongue

Hao

Wang

et al. 2020

Measurement and Control

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“…The finite element methods [ 36 ], finite difference method [ 34 ] and the finite volume method [ 35 ] are traditional macroscopic methods for Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) calculation. The lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) is a computational fluid dynamics method based on a mesoscope simulation scale [ 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 ]. Compared with other traditional CFD calculation methods, this method has mesoscopic model characteristics between the micro molecular dynamics model and macro continuous model.…”

Section: Dynamics Equation and Numerical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal–Spatial Evolution of Kinetic and Thermal Energy Dissipation Rates in a Three-Dimensional Turbulent Rayleigh–Taylor Mixing Zone

Guo

Wei

et al. 2020

Entropy

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In this work, the temporal–spatial evolution of kinetic and thermal energy dissipation rates in three-dimensional (3D) turbulent Rayleigh–Taylor (RT) mixing are investigated numerically by the lattice Boltzmann method. The temperature fields, kinetic and thermal energy dissipation rates with temporal–spatial evolution, the probability density functions, the fractal dimension of mixing interface, spatial scaling law of structure function for the kinetic and the thermal energy dissipation rates in 3D space are analysed in detail to provide an improved physical understanding of the temporal–spatial dissipation-rate characteristic in the 3D turbulent Rayleigh–Taylor mixing zone. Our numerical results indicate that the kinetic and thermal energy dissipation rates are concentrated in areas with large gradients of velocity and temperature with temporal evolution, respectively, which is consistent with the theoretical assumption. However, small scale thermal plumes initially at the section of half vertical height increasingly develop large scale plumes with time evolution. The probability density function tail of thermal energy dissipation gradually rises and approaches the stretched exponent function with temporal evolution. The slope of fractal dimension increases at an early time, however, the fractal dimension for the fluid interfaces is 2.4 at times t/τ ≥ 2, which demonstrates the self-similarity of the turbulent RT mixing zone in 3D space. It is further demonstrated that the second, fourth and sixth-order structure functions for velocity and temperature structure functions have a linear scaling within the inertial range.

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“…The cell design of DEFC; the active fuel-feeding system and the passive fuel-feeding system 120 [Color figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com] Kamarudin 84 evaluated the ethanol concentration from 2 to 6 M to find the optimum level of fuel in DEFCs that enhanced the performance of the polymer electrolyte membrane of DEFCs. They reported that the cell condition with 4 M ethanol concentration could rapidly increase the redox reaction, and ion hydroxide can diffuse in the polymer electrolyte membrane effectively.…”

Section: Optimization Work In Membrane and Cell Performance Of Defcsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cell design of DEFC; the active fuel‐feeding system and the passive fuel‐feeding system 120 [Color figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com]…”

Section: Challenges With the Performance Of Polymer Electrolyte Membr...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer electrolyte membrane modification in direct ethanol fuel cells: An update

Zakaria

Kamarudin

Wahid

2022

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Direct ethanol fuel cells (DEFCs) offer a high degree of design flexibility, ranging from a single cell to a massive multi‐cell that can be used in various applications, including portable devices, transportation, and stationary applications. Unfortunately, the most significant barrier to the commercialization of DEFCs is getting low‐cost and ethanol permeability, high conductivity performance, and extended durability of polymer electrolyte membranes, as key components that highly influence the overall performance. In this paper, the recent progress in developing the polymer electrolyte membrane for the application of DEFCs has been comprehensively reviewed. Focusing on an updated modification of polymeric materials in the last 5 years, including Nafion‐based membrane, polyvinyl alcohol‐based membrane, polybenzimidazoles‐based membrane, chitosan‐based membrane, and sodium alginate‐based membrane, as well as factors and challenges that affected the performance of polymer electrolyte membranes have been discussed, including the main characterization, catalyst selection, cell design, and work in membrane and cell performance of DEFCs. All discussion addresses the strategy to improve the performance of polymer electrolyte membranes in DEFCs in order to penetrate the commercialization stages.

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Extended criterion for robustness evaluations of energy conversion efficiency in DMFCs

Cited by 14 publications

References 37 publications

Reduction of aerodynamic noise of single-inlet centrifugal fan with inclined volute tongue

Reduction of aerodynamic noise of single-inlet centrifugal fan with inclined volute tongue

Temporal–Spatial Evolution of Kinetic and Thermal Energy Dissipation Rates in a Three-Dimensional Turbulent Rayleigh–Taylor Mixing Zone

Polymer electrolyte membrane modification in direct ethanol fuel cells: An update

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