Expression profile of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of MMPs in mature human odontoblasts and pulp tissue

Abstract

Previous studies have demonstrated that (at least) matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, -8, -9, -14 and -20 are expressed by human odontoblasts. Here, we analysed the expression of 19 MMPs and their specific tissue inhibitors (TIMP)-1, -2 and -3) -1, -2 and -3 in mature human odontoblasts and pulp tissue. Since MMP-20 is almost exclusively expressed by the dentin-pulp complex cells, we further analysed the effect of transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 and bone morphogenetic protein (BMPs)-2 on its expression. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 served as a positive control for growth factor responsiveness. It was found that MMP-1, -2, -9, -10, -11, -13, -14, -15, -16, -17, -19, -20 and -23, in addition to TIMP-1, -2 and -3 were expressed by both odontoblasts and pulp tissue. Neither MMP-3 nor MMP-12 were expressed in odontoblasts or pulp tissue, and MMP-7, -8, -24 and -25 were expressed only in the odontoblasts; MMP-2, -10, -11, -14 and -20 were expressed more abundantly by odontoblasts, whereas pulp tissue expressed more MMP-13 and MMP-17. Transforming growth factor-beta1 (1 ng ml(-1)) and BMP-2 (100 ng ml(-1)) did not markedly affect MMP-20 mRNA expression. In contrast, TGF-beta1 alone and with BMP-2 significantly upregulated MMP-9 mRNA by 2.4-fold and by 2.6-fold, respectively, in odontoblasts, while in pulp tissue no effects could be detected. The wide-scale expression of MMPs and TIMPs by mature human odontoblasts and pulp tissue suggests that they may participate in dentin matrix organization prior to mineralization, and that growth factors may further control dentin matrix modeling by differentially regulating individual MMPs.

Role of Dentin MMPs in Caries Progression and Bond Stability

“…In terms of protein expression, the variety of these proteases in the dentin-pulp complex has been claimed to be comparable with that described for MMPs (Palosaari et al 2003;Tersariol et al 2010;Tjäderhane et al 2013a). Similar to MMPs, cathepsins also participate in ECM degradation in physiological and pathological processes (Fig.…”

“…The MMPs present in dentin are produced by odontoblasts (Palosaari et al 2003) during secretion of dentin matrix and are suggested to be involved in dentin formation. After mineralization of the collagen matrix, the inactive proforms of MMPs remain trapped within the calcified matrix (Hannas et al 2007), where they can be re-exposed and potentially activated during the dentin caries process.…”

“…Furthermore, tissue inhibitors of MMPs (TIMPs) are involved in the local control of MMP activities in tissues, representing the main inhibitors of MMPs. The TIMP family consists of 4 members (TIMP1-4) that collectively inhibit MMP activities and restrict ECM breakdown (Ishiguro et al 1994;Palosaari et al 2003).…”

Expression of matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 in odontogenic myxoma in vivo and in vitro

“…It has already been suggested that high levels of zymogens in the conditioned culture media indicates a lack of appropriate enzyme activators (37). MT1-MMP is a well known proMMP-2 enzyme activator (38)(39)(40).…”

Envolvimento de sinais coestimulatórios na periodontite apical crônica em humanos

“…Esses estímulos são promovidos pelas bactérias e seus produtos presentes no canal radicular e periápice e que acionam os mecanismos de defesa do hospedeiro (TORABINEJAD; KETTERING, 1985, BARKHORDAR;SOUZA, 1988). As células epiteliais em proliferação invadem a estrutura do granuloma periapical, aumentando, progressivamente, a massa de tecido epitelial e formando, concomitantemente, a microcavitação cística, cujo mecanismo está fundamentado em diversas teorias (MÁRTON; KISS, 2000, PALOSSAARI et al, 2003. As condições indutoras para provocar a proliferação epitelial dependem da diminuição da tensão de oxigênio, aumento da tensão de gás carbônico, associados a uma redução do pH.…”