Expression of toll‐like receptor‐9 is increased in poorly differentiated prostate tumors

Väisänen, Marja-Riitta; Väisänen, Timo; Jukkola-Vuorinen, Arja; Vuopala, Katri; Desmond, Reneé A.; Selander, Katri S.; Vaarala, Markku H.

doi:10.1002/pros.21115

Cited by 54 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(51 reference statements)

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“…Since TLR9 was recognized as the receptor for unmethylated CpG DNA of most bacteria and DNA viruses, many attention has been given to explore its anti-tumor effect. However, there were also some reports concerning the direct effect of TLR9 ligation on tumor behavior such as invasion and metastasis [5,10,[13][14][15]. Our study is the first to investigate the expression of TLR9 in large breast cancer specimens and correlate TLR9 with clinicopathological features of breast cancer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Association of Toll like receptor 9 expression with lymph node metastasis in human breast cancer

Qiu¹,

Shao²,

Yang³

et al. 2011

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The toll like receptor 9(TLR9) has been suggested to play an important role in the invasion and metastasis of cancer cells in vitro. However, the expression of TLR9 in human cancer specimens has never been characterized. In this study, we investigated the expression of TLR9 in breast cancer specimens and determined the association between its expression and the clinicopathological features observed. We found that TLR9 expression was significantly higher in patients with breast cancers displaying large tumor size (P = 0.040), lymph node metastasis (P <0.001) or advanced pathological stage (P = 0.006). TLR9 expression was also increased in ER negative breast cancer specimens(P=0.043). Logistic regression analysis revealed that pathological stage(P = 0.007) and TLR9 (P = 0.001) expression were independent factors that influenced axillary lymph node metastasis of breast cancer. Patients with positive TLR9 expression had a higher progress free survival compared with the TLR9-negative cohort(P=0.037). Therefore we concluded that Lymph node metastasis more likely occur in breast cancer patients with a postive TLR9 status and its expression might serve as an indicator of poor prognosis in patients with breast cancer.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Association of Toll like receptor 9 expression with lymph node metastasis in human breast cancer

Qiu¹,

Shao²,

Yang³

et al. 2011

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“…Moderate to strong TLR9 expression was associated with poor differentiation and presence of lymph node metastases or distant metastases. Similarly, extensive TLR9 expression and association with poor differentiation has also been noticed in breast and prostate cancers [23,30] . In esophageal squamocellular carcinoma, TLR9 expression could be used as a marker of aggressive biological behavior.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toll-Like Receptor 9 Is a Novel Biomarker for Esophageal Squamous Cell Dysplasia and Squamous Cell Carcinoma Progression

Takala¹,

Kauppila²,

Soini³

et al. 2011

J Innate Immun

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Background: Stimulation of Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) has been linked to invasion in various cancer cells in vitro. We investigated TLR9 expression in normal, dysplastic and malignant esophageal squamous epithelium. Methods: TLR9 expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry in 46 cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, including 12 cases with adjacent squamous dysplasia and 24 cases with normal esophageal epithelium. TLR9 expression was compared with tumor grade, stage, proliferation, apoptosis and vascular density. Results: In normal esophageal squamous epithelium, TLR9 staining intensity decreased linearly from the basal layers to the superficial layers (p < 0.001). Strong TLR9 expression was detected across full thickness of high-grade dysplasia, the intensity clearly differing from the normal squamous epithelium and squamous cell carcinoma (p < 0.001). All squamous cell carcinomas exhibited TLR9 expression that was positively associated with a high grade (p < 0.05), the presence of lymph node metastases (p < 0.05) and previously undetected distant metastases (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Expression of TLR9 in the basal parts of normal esophageal epithelium suggests a role related to cell proliferation and differentation. TLR9 upregulation detected in dysplastic epithelium and in disseminated carcinomas indicates that this protein may serve as a novel marker for esophageal squamous dysplasia and carcinoma with metastatic potential.

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“…Altogether, these proof-of-principle studies indicate the translational potential of CpG-STAT3 siRNA strategy for treatment of hematologic malignancies that are commonly TLR9-positive such as AML and potentially also multiple myeloma, B-cell lymphoma, and certain solid cancers. 20,50,51 15. Kortylewski M, Kujawski M, Herrmann A, et al…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leukemia cell–targeted STAT3 silencing and TLR9 triggering generate systemic antitumor immunity

Hossain¹,

Santos

Zhang³

et al. 2014

Blood

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Expression of toll‐like receptor‐9 is increased in poorly differentiated prostate tumors

Abstract: Expression of TLR9 is increased in prostate cancer specimens, especially in the most poorly differentiated forms.

Cited by 54 publications

References 38 publications

Association of Toll like receptor 9 expression with lymph node metastasis in human breast cancer

Association of Toll like receptor 9 expression with lymph node metastasis in human breast cancer

Toll-Like Receptor 9 Is a Novel Biomarker for Esophageal Squamous Cell Dysplasia and Squamous Cell Carcinoma Progression

Leukemia cell–targeted STAT3 silencing and TLR9 triggering generate systemic antitumor immunity

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