Expression of the Protective Proteins Hemopexin and Haptoglobin by Cells of the Neural Retina

Metallothionein Protects Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells Against Apoptosis and Oxidative Stress

“…Although free heme is unable to induce retinal expression of MT, it is rapidly bound in vivo by the acute phase protein, apohemopexin, to form heme-hemopexin which readily induces expression of MT in human RPE cells (Hunt et al, 1996). Hemopexin is made locally in the human retina (Chen et al, 1998). These ®ndings emphasize the importance of hemopexin in the retina and the cooperation of different anti-oxidant proteins (Tate et al, 1993;Sato et al, 2000).…”

The occurrence of two types of hemopexin-like protein in medaka and differences in their affinity to heme

“…Mammalian hemopexins are not only synthesized in the hepatic parenchymal cells (Thorbecke et al, 1973), but also in other cell types including neurons of the peripheral nervous system, retinal photoreceptor and ganglion cells, and ovary as minor sites of synthesis (Swerts et al, 1992;Hunt et al, 1996;Chen et al, 1998). Transcripts of goldfish Wap65 have been reported to be present in hepatopancreas, ovary, eye, gill and muscle (Kikuchi et al, 1997).…”

Longitudinal analysis of taurine induced effects on the tear proteome of contact lens wearers and dry eye patients using a RP-RP-Capillary-HPLC–MALDI TOF/TOF MS approach

“…Complement C3, clearly found to be decreased by taurine application, activates the complement cascade and was documented to be the major player in closed eye tear inflammatory processes [71]. Since complement C3 was reported to develop hemolytic activity in tears [72,73] a potentially taurine depending downregulation could be associated with the observed level decrease of haptoglobin related protein and hemopexin, which are both anti-oxidant protective plasma proteins playing an important role in inflammatory hemolysis [74][75][76][77][78]. Regarding the classes of candidate proteins it can be suggested that the taurine impact is predominantly focused on proteins occurring in the course of inflammation and hemolysis, whereby several of these proteins are known to play a role in dry eye and related diseases.…”