Expression of smooth muscle calponin in tumor vessels of human hepatocellular carcinoma and its possible association with prognosis

Abstract

So gut wie unschuldig: In photobiophysikalischen Studien zu Häm‐Eisen‐Nitrosylkomplexen ähnelten die Absorptionsspektren der sechsfach koordinierten Komplexe mit NO und Met oder Cys denjenigen des fünffach koordinierten Fe‐Häm(NO)+‐Komplexions. Weil die Absorptionsspektren verwandter Proteine mit Histidin als proximalem Ligand denen der gasförmigen Komplexe ähnlich sind, übt die Protein‐Mikroumgebung nur einen geringen Effekt auf den energieärmsten Übergang des Porphyrinmakrocyclus aus.

Calponin in Non-Muscle Cells

“…Reduced levels of h1-calponin have been found in leiomyosarcoma of the uterus [92], hepatocellular carcinoma [93], basal-like breast carcinoma [94], metastatic basal cell carcinomas [95], and prostate cancer [96,97]. High throughput technology to detect the expression pattern of specific genes in patient samples allows a subclassifcation of tumors as calponin-positive and calponin-negative and helps to evaluate treatment responsiveness and predict prognosis [98].…”

Directing phenotype of vascular smooth muscle cells using electrically stimulated conducting polymer

“…Moreover, during development, rapid proliferation of SMCs occurs simultaneously with differentiation [51]. Interestingly, malignant tumours of vascular smooth muscle origin, such as leiomyosarcomas, although very rare, also demonstrate increased proliferation with strong simultaneous expression of contractile proteins such as SMA [52][53][54][55][56], SMMHC [55,56], desmin [52,55,56], h-caldesmon [55] and calponin [54].…”

Down-regulation of artery in moderately differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma related to tumor development

“…Some investigators reported that high vessel density evaluated by CD34, factor VIII, and α-smooth muscle actin were each correlated with poor prognosis or aggressive tumor behavior [10][11][12]14].On the other hand, other investigators demonstrated that low vessel density evaluated by CD34 or calponin in HCC is correlated with a poor prognosis [13,15]. Such discrepancies may have occurred because of sample size differences among the studies or because of histological biases.…”

“…Previous studies have reported on the relationship between intratumoral vessel densities in HCC and clinicopathological findings evaluated by endothelial cell markers (CD34 and factor VIII) [10][11][12][13] and smooth muscle cell markers (α-smooth muscle actin and calponin) [14,15]. However, to the best of our knowledge, there have been no reports on the arterial vasculature of moderately differentiated HCC, which is the transitional stage of arterial blood supply from well-differentiated HCC to poorly differentiated HCC.…”