Down-regulation of artery in moderately differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma related to tumor development

Fujita, Nobuhiro; Aishima, Shinichi; Iguchi, Tomohiro; Nishihara, Yunosuke; Yamamoto, Hidetaka; Taketomi, Akinobu; Oda, Yoshinao; Honda, Hiroshi; Tsuneyoshi, Masazumi

doi:10.1016/j.humpath.2009.11.011

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Arteriogenesis is defined as the growth of functional collateral arteries covered with smooth muscle cells from pre‐existing arteries . Assessment of arterial vessel density by immunohistochemistry for the arterial marker high molecular weight caldesmon (h‐caldesmon) has shown an increase in HCC compared with non‐tumorous tissues, and reflects increased arteriogenesis of HCC . Sinusoidal capillarization involves the transformation of fenestrated hepatic sinusoids into continuous capillaries, and is characterized by the expression of CD34, a marker absent in the normal sinusoidal endothelium .…”

Section: Microscopic Observation Of Angiogenesis In Hccmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of angiogenesis in hepatocellular carcinoma

Muto

Shirabe

Sugimachi

et al. 2014

Hepatology Research

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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a hypervascular tumor, and its vascularity is unique and greatly different from peripheral parenchyma of liver. Afferent and efferent vessels of HCC lesions come to differ as the lesion develops. The characteristic of the flow regulates the common style of metastasis. The portal tract of the HCC lesion is the first site of the intrahepatic metastasis, because cancer cells roll into the portal vein via efferent flow. On microscopic observation, HCC displays marked vascular abnormalities, arteriogenesis and capillarization. Arteriogenesis is defined as the growth of functional collateral arteries covered with smooth muscle cells from pre-existing arteries. Sinusoidal capillarization involves the transformation of fenestrated hepatic sinusoids into continuous capillaries. Several angiogenic factors have been reported, and some of them are studied as prognostic factors or target molecules of chemotherapeutic reagents. However, the mechanism of neovascularization during HCC development is still unclear. This review discusses the characteristics of angiogenesis in HCC and known angiogenic factors of HCC.

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Section: Microscopic Observation Of Angiogenesis In Hccmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of angiogenesis in hepatocellular carcinoma

Muto

Shirabe

Sugimachi

et al. 2014

Hepatology Research

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“…It is well known that the development of most HCCs is a multistep process under the presence of various chronic liver diseases (4,5). During such hepatocellular carcinogenesis, changes in the blood supply have been reported, based on pathological and radiological studies (6)(7)(8)(9). Briefly, a dysplastic nodule shows deterioration of arterial and portal blood flow, and in well-differentiated HCC (wHCC) arterial blood flow becomes dominant as a result of arterial neo-vascularization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of tumor-associated macrophages in the angiogenesis of well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma: Pathological-radiological correlation

et al. 2014

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Abstract. The role of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not been fully investigated. The aim of the present study was to clarify whether TAMs are associated with the angiogenesis of HCC during its multistep development, especially at an early stage. Forty-three well-differentiated HCCs and 30 well-to moderately differentiated HCCs (nodule-in-nodule lesion) were used. We immunohistochemically assessed microvessel density (by CD34) and macrophage count (by CD68 or CD163). Computed tomography hepatic angiography (CTHA) was performed for 26 well-differentiated HCCs and all 30 well-to moderately differentiated HCCs. The pathological analysis of the 43 welldifferentiated HCCs revealed a positive correlation between microvessel density and macrophage count (P=0.0026, r=0.4486). Based on the CTHA findings, 26 well-differentiated HCCs classified into a hyperattenuation group (n=14) and a hypo-or isoattenuation group (n=12). The microvessel density and macrophage count of the hyperattenuation group were significantly higher than those of the hypo-or isoattenuation group (P=0.0372 and P=0.0476). In the 30 well-to moderately differentiated HCCs, microvessel density of the moderately differentiated components was significantly higher than that of the well-differentiated components (P<0.0001). However, the macrophage count of the moderately differentiated component was significantly lower than that of the well-differentiated component (P<0.0001). All the moderately differentiated components showed marked hyperattenuation on CTHA.Tumor vascularity was correlated with macrophage count in the tumor when limited to well-differentiated HCCs. TAMs may have a role in promoting angiogenesis of HCC at an early stage during its multistep development.

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Hepatocellular Carcinoma (Ordinary Hepatocellular Carcinoma)

Zimmermann¹

2016

Tumors and Tumor-Like Lesions of the Hepatobiliary Tract

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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignant neoplasm composed of cells with a hepatocellular differentiation. Most HCCs exhibit a trabecular and/or acinar histologic pattern (ordinary or classical HCC), but there also exist numerous variants with a different morphology and a fibrolamellar variant treated in a separate chapter. HCC is a frequent malignancy and is estimated to be the fifth most common malignancy in males worldwide. Most of the tumors arise in patients with liver cirrhosis caused by various etiologies, hepatitis virus infections, and toxic agents playing a central role. HCC displays specific macroscopic growth patterns. Eggel divided the neoplasms in nodular, massive, and diffuse types, nodular HCC being the most common. This classification has subsequently been extended and refined. HCC frequently invades large and small hepatic vessels and bile ducts, causing distinct clinical disorders. Histologically, hepatocyte-like cells arranged in large plates with an abnormal reticulin pattern and loss of Kupffer cells are the hallmarks of trabecular HCC, whereas pseudoglandular structures are found in other tumors. The grading of HCC has been standardized and is an important prognosticator. Morphological classifications of HCC are currently extended by the use of molecular signatures of these neoplasms. Table 1 Age-adjusted incidence of HCC per 100,000 inhabitants (Llovet et al. 2003; modified) Area Age-adjusted incidence (males/ females) Worldwide 14.9/5.5

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Down-regulation of artery in moderately differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma related to tumor development

Cited by 6 publications

References 29 publications

Review of angiogenesis in hepatocellular carcinoma

Review of angiogenesis in hepatocellular carcinoma

Role of tumor-associated macrophages in the angiogenesis of well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma: Pathological-radiological correlation

Hepatocellular Carcinoma (Ordinary Hepatocellular Carcinoma)

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