Expression of peropsin in human skin is related to phototransduction of violet light in keratinocytes

Toh, Pearl Pei Chern; Bigliardi-Qi, Mei; Yap, Alicia Mei Yi; Sriram, Gopu; Bigliardi, Paul L.

doi:10.1111/exd.13226

Cited by 29 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…These observations suggest that peropsin is a light-signaling molecule in the RPE. A recent report suggests vertebrate peropsin may also act as a light sensor in skin keratinocytes (25). The normal retinal anatomy observed in Rrh (39), exhibit whorl-like debris in the subretinal space between the OS and RPE cells and rapid photoreceptor degeneration (39).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Peropsin modulates transit of vitamin A from retina to retinal pigment epithelium

Ng¹,

Lloyd²,

Eddington³

et al. 2017

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Edited by Velia M. FowlerPeropsin is a non-visual opsin in both vertebrate and invertebrate species. In mammals, peropsin is present in the apical microvilli of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. These structures interdigitate with the outer segments of rod and cone photoreceptor cells. RPE cells play critical roles in the maintenance of photoreceptors, including the recycling of visual chromophore for the opsin visual pigments. Here, we sought to identify the function of peropsin in the mouse eye. To this end, we generated mice with a null mutation in the peropsin gene (Rrh). These mice exhibited normal retinal histology, normal morphology of outer segments and RPE cells, and no evidence of photoreceptor degeneration. Biochemically, Rrh ؊/؊ mice had ϳ2-fold higher vitamin A (all-trans-retinol (all-trans-ROL)) in the neural retina following a photobleach and 5-fold lower retinyl esters in the RPE. This phenotype was similar to those reported in mice that lack interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRBP) or cellular retinol-binding protein, suggesting that peropsin plays a role in the movement of all-trans-ROL from photoreceptors to the RPE. We compared the phenotypes in mice lacking both peropsin and IRBP with those of mice lacking peropsin or IRBP alone and found that the retinoid phenotype was similarly severe in each of these knock-out mice. We conclude that peropsin controls all-trans-ROL movement from the retina to the RPE or may regulate all-trans-ROL storage within the RPE. We propose that peropsin affects light-dependent regulation of all-trans-ROL uptake from photoreceptors into RPE cells through an as yet undefined mechanism.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides hosting the visual cycle for chromophore regeneration, RPE cells provide nutrition to photoreceptors, maintain fluid and electrolyte balance in the retina, and diurnally phagocytose the shed tips of distal rod and cone OS (23,24). A recent report also suggests peropsin expressed in skin confers photosensitivity to short-wavelength light (25).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Peropsin modulates transit of vitamin A from retina to retinal pigment epithelium

Ng¹,

Lloyd²,

Eddington³

et al. 2017

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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“…Traditionally, cytochrome c oxidase and nitrozated proteins were considered as the major targets of light . Recently, there has been increasing evidence that cryptochromes and opsins , mediate the cell's response to visible and UV light. All this suggests that there are several molecular targets, which could intercept a photon of light and trigger multiple signaling cascades.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential response of human dermal fibroblast subpopulations to visible and near‐infrared light: Potential of photobiomodulation for addressing cutaneous conditions

et al. 2018

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This study highlights a differential impact of light on human skin cells with upregulation of metabolic activity with NIR light, and inhibition of pro-collagen production and proliferation in response to blue light. These findings open-up new avenues for developing therapies for different cutaneous conditions (e.g., treatment of keloids and fibrosis) or differential therapy at distinct stages of wound healing. Lasers Surg. Med. 50:859-882, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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“…In mammals, the long-held view was that photoreception is limited to the eye since enucleation of laboratory animals eliminates light entrainment (Nelson & Zucker 1981). However, there is evidence that mammals can detect light in skin (Haltaufderhyde et al 2015, Kim et al 2013, Toh et al 2016, Tsutsumi et al 2009, Wicks et al 2011), the brain (Sun et al 2016, Wade et al 1988), and in blood vessels (Sikka et al 2014). Non-mammalian vertebrates, such as fish and birds, have extra-ocular light sensory cells in multiple tissues, including the pineal (Bailey & Cassone 2004, Chaurasia et al 2005, Okano et al 1994), the hypothalamus (Fischer et al 2013, Halford et al 2009), and in dermal melanophores (Provencio et al 1998b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unconventional Roles of Opsins

Leung

Montell²

2017

Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol.

110

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Rhodopsin is the classical light sensor. While rhodopsin is important for image formation in the eye, the requirements for opsins in non-image formation and in extra-ocular light sensation were revealed later. Most recent is the demonstration that an opsin in the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, is expressed in pacemaker neurons in the brain and functions in circadian photoentrainment. After more than a century of analysis, the dogma has been that opsins are exclusive light sensors. Remarkably, through studies in Drosophila, light-independent roles for opsins in multiple senses are emerging. These include roles in temperature sensation and hearing. While these findings are uncovered in the fruit fly, there are hints that opsins have light-independent roles in a wide array of animals, including mammals. Thus, despite the decades of focus on opsins as light detectors, they represent an important new class of polymodal sensory receptors.

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Expression of peropsin in human skin is related to phototransduction of violet light in keratinocytes

Abstract: PPCT, AMYY and GS performed the experiments; PPCT and AMYY analysed the data; PPCT designed the research study and wrote the paper; MBQ and PB contributed to study design and essential rea-

Cited by 29 publications

References 8 publications

Peropsin modulates transit of vitamin A from retina to retinal pigment epithelium

Peropsin modulates transit of vitamin A from retina to retinal pigment epithelium

Differential response of human dermal fibroblast subpopulations to visible and near‐infrared light: Potential of photobiomodulation for addressing cutaneous conditions

Unconventional Roles of Opsins

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