Expression of Metabolic Syndrome in Women with Severe Obesity

Hopkins, James L.; Hopkins, Paul N.; Brinton, Eliot A.; Adams, Ted D.; Davidson, Lance E.; Nanjee, M. Nazeem; Hunt, Steven C.

doi:10.1089/met.2016.0116

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…In the present study, we found that female patients had a higher prevalence of obesity than male patients (nearly double), consistent with previous studies (17,40,41). Moreover, compared to non-obese individuals, obese women had a higher proportion of hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidaemia, suggesting that they develop metabolic syndrome (42,43). However, in our study, we did not find that obesity had any effect on mental symptoms or cognitive function among female patients with schizophrenia, inconsistent with other research conclusions (44,45).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Sex Differences in Obesity and Cognitive Function in Chinese Elderly Patients With Chronic Schizophrenia

Sun

Yue

et al. 2022

Front. Endocrinol.

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BackgroundIt is well known that schizophrenia is associated with sex differences. However, no study has explored the sex differences in obesity and cognitive function in elderly Chinese patients with schizophrenia.ObjectiveThis study aimed to compare sex differences in obesity and cognitive function in elderly Chinese individuals with schizophrenia.MethodsA total of 304 elderly patients with schizophrenia and 130 sex- and age-matched healthy controls from the community were recruited. Demographic, clinical, and lipid parameters were collected for all subjects. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was used to assess the global cognitive functions of the participants, while the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was used to assess psychopathological symptoms in patients with schizophrenia.ResultsOf the patients with schizophrenia, the prevalence of obesity in men and women was 11.7% (19/163) and 21.3% (30/141), respectively. The score (14.51 ± 6.504) of MOCA in elderly male patients with schizophrenia was significantly higher than that (11.40 ± 6.822) in female patients. There was a positive correlation between the MOCA scores and body mass index (BMI) (r=0.206, p=0.018) in male elderly patients with schizophrenia. Conversely, the MOCA scores of female elderly patients with schizophrenia did not correlate with BMI (p>0.05). However, we found no sex differences in obesity and cognition among control older adults.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that there are significant sex differences in obesity and cognitive function in elderly Chinese patients with schizophrenia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Sex Differences in Obesity and Cognitive Function in Chinese Elderly Patients With Chronic Schizophrenia

Sun

Yue

et al. 2022

Front. Endocrinol.

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“…However, based on multiple results obtained from our research group 14–19 and others, 20–23 we recently reported, in contrast with the generally purported idea, that a greater FFM could be negatively associated with insulin sensitivity and metabolic health in various populations. The dissonance between these contradictory conclusions could stem from the different ways FFM is represented in the numerous pertinent studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Increased odds of having the metabolic syndrome with greater fat‐free mass: counterintuitive results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database

Lagacé

Marcotte‐Chénard

Paquin

et al. 2021

J cachexia sarcopenia muscle

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Background It is well established that body composition influences metabolic health, but emerging data are conflicting with the largely purported idea that a large fat‐free mass (FFM) has a protective effect on health. A potential explanation for these discrepancies is the way FFM is represented. The first objective is to determine the association between the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and FFM when the latter was represented in three different ways: 1—absolute FFM; 2—relative to squared height (FFMi); and 3—relative to body weight (FFM%). The second objective is to assess the impact of FFM on the relative risk of having the MetS after taking fat mass, physical activity, and sociodemographic variables into account. Methods A total of 5274 individuals from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database were studied. Age‐specific and sex‐specific quartiles of the three representations of FFM were defined, and the prevalence of MetS was determined in each of them. Quartiles of FFMi (kg/m2) were used to calculate the odds ratios of having the MetS independently of FM, physical activity levels, and sociodemographic variables. Results The prevalence of MetS decreased with increasing quartiles of whole‐body FFM% (Q1: 40%; Q4: 10%) but grew with increasing quartiles of absolute FFM (Q1: 13%; Q4: 40%) and FFMi (Q1: 10%; Q4: 44%). Similar results were observed for appendicular and truncal FFM. The odds ratios of having the MetS, independently of fat mass, physical activity, and sociodemographic variables, were significantly greater in the fourth quartile of FFMi when compared with the first quartiles of each specific subgroup [Q4 vs. Q1: younger men: 4.16 (1.99–8.68); younger women: 5.74 (2.46–13.39); older men: 1.98 (1.22–3.22); older women: 2.88 (1.69–4.90); all P ≤ 0.01]. Conclusions These results support the notion that the representation of FFM significantly influences its association with MetS and that a larger FFM, whether absolute or relative to height, is associated with alterations in cardiometabolic health.

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“…Abdominal fat accumulation, particularly visceral fat (VF) mass, contributes to worsening the dyslipidemic and hypertensive profile detected in women with impaired glucose tolerance [ 24 ]. VF accumulation is generally accompanied by insulin resistance (IR), increased release of free fatty acid by adipose tissue, and secretion of ApoB containing particles by the liver, leading to hyperlipidemia.…”

Section: Gender Differences In Metabolic Syndrome Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These lipid changes are indicative of increased cardiovascular risk and contribute to the number of women meeting the diagnosis of MetS. Thus, monitoring and controlling waist circumference, a marker of abdominal obesity and VF accumulation, represents a key strategy to counteract the clinical consequences of MetS, especially in postmenopausal women [ 24 ].…”

Section: Gender Differences In Metabolic Syndrome Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender Differences and Cardiometabolic Risk: The Importance of the Risk Factors

Meloni

Dessalvi

Cugusi

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Metabolic syndrome (Mets) is a clinical condition characterized by a cluster of major risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes: proatherogenic dyslipidemia, elevated blood pressure, dysglycemia, and abdominal obesity. Each risk factor has an independent effect, but, when aggregated, they become synergistic, doubling the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases and causing a 1.5-fold increase in all-cause mortality. We will highlight gender differences in the epidemiology, etiology, pathophysiology, and clinical expression of the aforementioned Mets components. Moreover, we will discuss gender differences in new biochemical markers of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular risk.

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Expression of Metabolic Syndrome in Women with Severe Obesity

Abstract: In women with severe obesity, higher FFM and REE were paradoxically associated with increased rather than decreased risk of MetS, while FFM-adjusted FM was unrelated to MetS.

Cited by 12 publications

References 49 publications

Sex Differences in Obesity and Cognitive Function in Chinese Elderly Patients With Chronic Schizophrenia

Sex Differences in Obesity and Cognitive Function in Chinese Elderly Patients With Chronic Schizophrenia

Increased odds of having the metabolic syndrome with greater fat‐free mass: counterintuitive results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database

Gender Differences and Cardiometabolic Risk: The Importance of the Risk Factors

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