Expression of innate resistance factors in mammary secretion from periparturient dairy heifers and their association with subsequent infection status

Compton, C.W.R.; Cursons, Raymond T.; Barnett, Catherine; McDougall, S

doi:10.1016/j.vetimm.2008.10.331

Cited by 15 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…This result suggests that mammary innate immune factors are contained in the milk under basal conditions (not induced by infection) and their potential level may contribute to a degree of protection against new bacterial infection (Compton et al . ). Hence, differentially expressed innate immune factors of the mammary gland may be fundamental to the outcomes following initial pathogen invasion (Lee et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Lingual antimicrobial peptide and lactoferrin concentrations and lactoperoxidase activity in bovine colostrum are associated with subsequent somatic cell count

Isobe

Shibata

Kubota

et al. 2013

Animal Science Journal

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The present study was undertaken to examine whether potential levels of innate immune factors (lingual antimicrobial peptide (LAP), lactoferrin (LF) and lactoperoxidase (LPO)) in colostrum are associated with subsequent milk somatic cell count (SCC) in dairy cows. Quarter milk samples were collected daily for 1 week postpartum to measure LAP and LF concentrations and LPO activity. SCC in milk was determined weekly for 2 months postpartum and its correlations to concentrations of LAP and LF and LPO activity were examined. Only small variations of all immune factors were found among four udders in each individual cow, whereas there were great differences in these factors among cows. Negative correlation was detected only between LPO activity and mean and maximum SCC, whereas its relationship was not significant. LAP and LF concentrations were significantly correlated positively to mean, maximum and minimum SCC. These results suggest that the great difference in innate immune factors among animals and high LAP and LF concentrations in colostrum may be associated with subsequent high incidence of SCC increase.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Lingual antimicrobial peptide and lactoferrin concentrations and lactoperoxidase activity in bovine colostrum are associated with subsequent somatic cell count

Isobe

Shibata

Kubota

et al. 2013

Animal Science Journal

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“…Due to the economic importance of mastitis and the health risk for consumers, large efforts have been made to identify factors involved in the susceptibility of dairy cows to infections of the mammary gland [3,4] which occur most frequently at parturition [5]. In that period, infections with E. coli often cause severe clinical symptoms [6,7] accompanied by reduction in milk yield, altered milk composition and extensive damage of mammary tissue [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Escherichia coli infection induces distinct local and systemic transcriptome responses in the mammary gland

Mitterhuemer¹,

Petzl

Krebs³

et al. 2010

BMC Genomics

113

155

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BackgroundColiform bacteria are the most common etiologic agents in severe mastitis of cows. Escherichia coli infections are mostly restricted to a single udder quarter whereas neighboring quarters stay clinically inapparent, implicating the presence of a systemic defense reaction. To address its underlying mechanism, we performed a transcriptome study of mammary tissue from udder quarters inoculated with E. coli (6 h and 24 h post infection), from neighboring quarters of the same animals, and from untreated control animals.ResultsAfter 6 h 13 probe sets of differentially expressed genes (DEG) were detected in infected quarters versus control animals. Eighteen hours later 2154 and 476 DEG were found in infected and in neighboring quarters vs. control animals. Cluster analysis revealed DEG found only in infected quarters (local response) and DEG detected in both infected and neighboring quarters (systemic response). The first group includes genes mainly involved in immune response and inflammation, while the systemic reaction comprises antigen processing and presentation, cytokines, protein degradation and apoptosis. Enhanced expression of antimicrobial genes (S100A8, S100A9, S100A12, CXCL2, GNLY), acute phase genes (LBP, SAA3, CP, BF, C6, C4BPA, IF), and indicators of oxidative stress (GPX3, MT1A, MT2A, SOD2) point to an active defense reaction in infected and neighboring healthy quarters. Its early onset is indicated by increased transcription of NFIL3 at 6 h. NFIL3 is a predicted regulator of many genes of the systemic response at 24 h. The significance of our transcriptome study was evidenced by some recent findings with candidate gene based approaches.ConclusionsThe discovery and holistic analysis of an extensive systemic reaction in the mammary gland significantly expands the knowledge of host-pathogen interactions in mastitis which may be relevant for the development of novel therapies and for genetic selection towards mastitis resistance.

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“…In regard to the higher incidence rate of clinical mastitis in first-calving compared with multiparous cows , Compton et al 2009, Piepers et al 2009, De Vliegher et al 2012) and the results of the present study, the use of antimicrobial therapy and/or E. coli J5 vaccination can be justified by the lower incidence of clinical mastitis and consequently the lower volume of discarded milk and the related economic benefits, especially in well-managed dairy herds (Green et al 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

“…However, IMIs in heifers is not uncommon, although it does tend to be less prevalent than in older cows (Costa et al 1996, Fox et al 2009, Nickerson et al 2009, Sampimon et al 2009). IMIs in heifers have been detected as early as at the age of puberty, but the rate of new infections is higher in the last few days of pregnancy , Compton et al 2009, De Vliegher et al 2012.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First-calving heifers have a higher incidence rate of clinical mastitis than older cows, with the highest rate of disease occurring in the first few days after calving , Compton et al 2009, Piepers et al 2009). In the last few decades with the improvement of subclinical mastitis control programs, which has led to herds with a lower somatic cell count (SCC), clinical mastitis has become a major problem in many well-managed dairy herds that have successfully controlled contagious pathogens (Green et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Partial budget analysis of prepartum antimicrobial therapy and Escherichia coli J5 vaccination of dairy heifers and their effect on milk production and milk quality parameters

et al. 2016

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RESUMO.-[Análise econômica da terapia antimicrobiana no pré-parto e da vacinação comThis study aimed to determine whether prepartum antimicrobial and/or Escherichia coli J5 vaccination in dairy heifers influence the milk production, milk quality, and estimate their economic benefit. Thus, 33 dairy heifers were enrolled in four groups using a split--splot design. Groups were: (G1) prepartum antimicrobial infusion and vaccination with an E. coli J5 bacterin, (G2) prepartum antimicrobial infusion, (G3) vaccination with an E. coli J5 bacterin, and (G4) control heifers. Composite milk samples for somatic cell count, total bacteria count and milk composition were collected 15 days after calving and every 15 days until the end of the experiment. Bacteriological analysis was carried out at the end of study. The milk production and the incidence of clinical cases of mastitis, as well as the costs associated with them were recorded. The results demonstrate a reduction on clinical mastitis rates by preventive strategies, which implicated in lower volume of discarded milk (0.99, 1.01, 1.04 and 3.98% for G1, G2, G3 and G4, respectively) and higher economic benefit. Thus, in well-managed dairy herds the prevention of heifer mastitis by vaccination or antimicrobial therapy can reduce the amount of antimicrobials needed to treat clinical mastitis cases and the days of discarded milk. uma análise econômica do tratamento antimicrobiano no pré-parto e/ou da vacinação com Escherihia coli J5 em novilhas leiteiras, e seu efeito sobre a produção e qualidade de leite. Portanto, utilizou-se o delineamento split-splot em esquema fatorial, no qual 33 novilhas da raça Holandesa foram divididas aleatoriamente em quatro grupos: (G1) antimicroianoterapia no pré-parto e vacinação com E. coli J5, (G2) antimicrobianoterapia no pré-parto, (G3) vacinação com E. coli J5 e (G4) controle. Amostras compostas de leite foram coletadas para contagem de células somáticas, contagem bacteriana total e composição do leite 15 dias após o parto, e a cada 15 dias até o término do experimento. A análise bacteriológica do leite foi realizada ao término do experimento. A produção de leite e a incidência dos casos clínicos de mastite, assim como, os custos associados à antimicrobianoterapia no pré-parto e/ou vacinação com E. coli J5 foram registrados.

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Expression of innate resistance factors in mammary secretion from periparturient dairy heifers and their association with subsequent infection status

Cited by 15 publications

References 48 publications

Lingual antimicrobial peptide and lactoferrin concentrations and lactoperoxidase activity in bovine colostrum are associated with subsequent somatic cell count

Lingual antimicrobial peptide and lactoferrin concentrations and lactoperoxidase activity in bovine colostrum are associated with subsequent somatic cell count

Escherichia coli infection induces distinct local and systemic transcriptome responses in the mammary gland

Partial budget analysis of prepartum antimicrobial therapy and Escherichia coli J5 vaccination of dairy heifers and their effect on milk production and milk quality parameters

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