Expression of <i>Zm<scp>GA</scp>20ox</i> cDNA alters plant morphology and increases biomass production of switchgrass (<i>Panicum virgatum</i> L.)

Tien, Phat; Tar, Joann R. De; Lee, Hyeyoung; Folta, Michelle; Zhang, Zhanyuan J.

doi:10.1111/pbi.12514

Cited by 41 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…We detected significant alterations in the architecture and vegetative growth of transgenic tomato (Figure 4, Supplementary Table S2). The similar alterations have been observed in diverse plants overexpressing GA20ox genes of different species, such as aspen (Eriksson et al, 2000), tobacco (Vidal et al, 2001), and switchgrass (Do et al, 2016). The morphological changes in these species were consistent with the higher expression of GA20ox and bioactive GA levels.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

PbGA20ox2 Regulates Fruit Set and Induces Parthenocarpy by Enhancing GA4 Content

Wang

Liu

et al. 2020

Front. Plant Sci.

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Fruit set and development occur following successful fertilization. Parthenocarpy, a valuable trait in some self-incompatible species, produces seedless fruit without fertilization. Gibberellin (GA) is a crucial hormone in fruit-set regulation and development. While investigating the development of parthenocarpy in pear (Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd.), we determined that GA 20-oxidases (GA20ox) may play key roles in seedless pear fruit development. Sequence analysis revealed three PbGA20ox genes: PbGA20ox1, PbGA20ox2, and PbGA20ox3. We analyzed the expression patterns of candidate genes and found that PbGA20ox2 levels significantly changed in pollinated fruits. Tissue-specific expression assays revealed that PbGA20ox2 is highly expressed in young fruit and leaves. Subcellular localization assays showed it was located in the cytoplasm, nucleus, and plasma membrane. Overexpressed PbGA20ox2 tomato plants were taller and had longer hypocotyls and internodes, and the emasculated flowers produced parthenocarpic fruit. In pear, the transient overexpression of PbGA20ox2 promoted fruit development and delayed the drop of nonpollinated fruit. Furthermore, the fruit of PbGA20ox2-overexpressing tomato and transient PbGA20ox2overexpressing pear had increased GA 4 (but not GA 3 and GA 1 ) contents. This result provided evidence that PbGA20ox2 was necessary for GA 4 -dependent pear fruit development. Our study revealed that PbGA20ox2 altered the GA biosynthetic pathway and enhanced GA 4 synthesis, thereby promoting fruit set and parthenocarpic fruit development.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

PbGA20ox2 Regulates Fruit Set and Induces Parthenocarpy by Enhancing GA4 Content

Wang

Liu

et al. 2020

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…Biomass yield and feedstock quality, as two of the major factors that affect biofuel production, always show a tight trade-off. Increasing biomass yield is also accompanied by a higher lignin level, such as ectopic expression ZmGA20ox switchgrass plants [51]. Reducing lignin content by directly down-regulating the lignin biosynthesis enzyme or cell wall-related TFs also resulted in a stunted phenotype [11][12][13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heteroexpression of Osa-miR319b improved switchgrass biomass yield and feedstock quality by repression of PvPCF5

Liu

Yan

Wang

et al. 2020

Biotechnol Biofuels

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Background: Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.), a C 4 perennial grass, has been recognized as one of the most potentially important lignocellulose biofuel crops. MicroRNA319 (miR319) plays a key role in plant development, abiotic resistance, and cell wall biosynthesis by repressing expression of its target TCP genes. We hypothesized miR319-TCP pathway could play important roles in switchgrass feedstock characteristics for biofuel production, and produced switchgrass transgenic plants overexpressing miR319 (by ectopic expressing Osa-MIR319b gene), blocking miR319 (by overexpressing a target mimicry of miR319/MIM319) and repression of miR319 target gene PvPCF5. Plant phenotype, biomass yield, and feedstock quality of transgenic plants were analyzed.Results: Overexpression of miR319 in switchgrass promoted leaf elongation and expansion of transgenic plants, increased plant height, stem diameter, and resulted in a significant increase in plant biomass yield. Transgenic plants overexpressing of miR319 reduced lignin content, showed significantly higher enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency compared to the wild type plant. However, opposite results were observed in the MIM319 plants. Furthermore, suppression of miR319 target gene PvPCF5 activity also reduced lignin content, increased lignin monomer S/G ratio and the proportion of β-O-4 linkages, while significantly improving the sugar production per plant. Quantitative real-time (qRT-PCR) analysis indicated that expression of PvMYB58/63B and PvHCT with predicted TCP binding sites in their promoter regions was negatively regulated by miR319-PvPCF5 module. Conclusions:MiR319-PvPCF5 module plays positive roles in regulating biomass yield and quality of switchgrass. It can be utilized as a candidate molecular tool in regulating biomass yield and feedstock quality. The finding could also be transferred to other grasses for forage quality improvement through genetic manipulation.

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“…Constitutive overexpression of AtGA20ox1 also drastically increased plant growth and secondary xylem development, causing a significant increase in stem dry weight in transgenic tobacco plants . Overexpression of GA20ox resulted in a significant increase in growth and biomass accumulation in various plant species . These results indicate that GA20‐oxidase could be targeted for improvement of biomass yield in biomass crops.…”

Section: Genetic Engineering Of Woody Biomass Feedstockmentioning

confidence: 94%

EliteTree™: an advanced biomass tree crop technology that features greater wood density and accelerated stem growth

Kim

Cho

et al. 2017

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

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Due to wood's potential for large-scale commercial production of biofuels, a rapid increase in the use of wood as a source of energy is expected as policies promoting greater use of renewable energy are adopted globally. However, the economics of purpose-grown tree feedstocks for energy show that these production systems are not fi nancially viable without improvement in the base growth rate. Conventional breeding programs have produced willow and poplar clones that show potential for rapid growth, but current top-performing clones do not grow fast enough for profi table biofuel production. Genetic manipulation of secondary wall biosynthesis is the most direct path to resolving this growth barrier. To that end, we developed an innovative biomass tree crop technology, EliteTree TM , that results in greater wood density and accelerated growth of stems. This technology is built on overexpression of Gibberellin 20-oxidase to increase plant stem growth in both height and diameter and increase lignocellulosic biomass accumulation through overexpression of the transcription factor MYB46, which is a master regulator for secondary wall biosynthesis. EliteTree TM technology uses 2A-mediated bicistronic gene expression, with our proprietary utility promoter DX15, such that the genetic manipulation is limited to wood tissue, yielding transgenic poplars with xylem-specifi c coexpression of MYB46 and PdGA20ox1. The development of faster growing elite tree genotypes with increased wood density and growth rates will pave the way for truly sustainable and economically 522

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Expression of ZmGA20ox cDNA alters plant morphology and increases biomass production of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.)

Cited by 41 publications

References 45 publications

PbGA20ox2 Regulates Fruit Set and Induces Parthenocarpy by Enhancing GA4 Content

PbGA20ox2 Regulates Fruit Set and Induces Parthenocarpy by Enhancing GA4 Content

Heteroexpression of Osa-miR319b improved switchgrass biomass yield and feedstock quality by repression of PvPCF5

EliteTree™: an advanced biomass tree crop technology that features greater wood density and accelerated stem growth

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