Expression of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor and its receptor is regulated during the development of the human placenta

Abstract

The development of the placenta is dependent upon the regulated proliferation, invasion and differentiation of trophoblast. Expression of cytokines at the feto-maternal interface suggests that these molecules may participate in placentation. The expression of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) and G-CSF receptor (G-CSFR) during the development of the human placenta was studied by immunohistochemistry using an anti-G-CSF monoclonal antibody (mAb) and two novel anti-G-CSFR mAbs. G-CSF was present in the stroma of fetal chorionic villi and maternal decidual tissues throughout pregnancy. G-CSFR was detected at high levels in fetal first and third, but not second trimester placental tissues. Staining for G-CSFR was undetectable in maternal decidual tissue from all gestational stages. In first trimester tissues, staining for placental G-CSFR was strongest in differentiated syncytiotrophoblast and invasive, extravillous cytotrophoblast, and weak staining was evident in undifferentiated cytotrophoblast. Immunohistochemical data suggesting temporal regulation of G-CSFR were corroborated by Western blotting and amplification by reverse transcription and PCR of G-CSFR mRNA. These data suggested that expression of G-CSFR in the human placenta is regulated both temporally and spatially, and that placental G-CSF is involved in paracrine regulation, and indicate a role for G-CSF and G-CSFR in trophoblast growth or function during placentation.

A Study of 120 Umbilical Cord Whole Blood Transfusions in 77 Patients with Different Clinical Conditions

“…Similarly, in the year 2001 Bhattacharya N et al [10], has given 174 transfusion of cord blood in 62 patients in the cases of malignancies, in 2005 again Bhattacharya N et al [13] transfused 413 unit of whole cord blood to 129 patients of malignancies and other diseases and further in 2006 Bhattacharya N [14] transfused cord blood in 72 patients suffering with anemia and emaciation in the background of cancer safely. Lockwood DNG et al [15] transfused 44 units of umbilical cord whole blood in 12 patients of leprosy with anemia safely.…”

“…In the present study, allogenic cord blood was transfused in patients with varying diseases. Bhattacharya N. et al [10,13] did such type of study while in other studies; researchers had worked on a selective group of patients [15,20]. A total number of 32 transfusions were given in Thalassemic patients.…”

“…Along with all the normal elements of blood, cord blood is a rich source of hematopoietic (blood-forming) stem cells, similar to those found in bone marrow [9]. Placenta has 80 ml to 150 ml precious whole human blood that can be saved, stored and used as replacement of adult whole human blood [10]. Cord blood also has the potential, due to its rich cytokine and growth factor content to play a role in immune response modification in chronic anaemia [11] and also helps in the gene-switching mechanism after the birth of the baby [12].…”

Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor for Treatment of Thin Endometrium in Assisted Reproduction Technology Cycles

“…15,16 The G-CSF has been found to beneficial effect on placental metabolism and trophoblast development. 17 Numerous cells involved in the reproductive physiological function, such as endothelium, fibroblasts, monocytes and endometrial cells produce G-CSF. It also plays an important role in endometrial stromal cells decidualization.…”

The role of G-CSF in recurrent implantation failure – a randomized double blind placebo control trial

“…Nevertheless many cases of RIF remain unexplained and several etiological factors including immune dysfunction or alloimmune response are proposed; in animal models, G-CSF showed a marked anti abortive activity (16). G-CSF play roles in increasing endometrial thickness and decreasing recurrent abortion (6,(17)(18)(19).…”