Expression of GPR43 in Brown Adipogenesis Is Enhanced by Rosiglitazone and Controlled by PPARγ/RXR Heterodimerization

Abstract

GPR43, a G-protein coupled receptor recognizing short-chain fatty acids, has been reported to participate in many biological functions of white adipocytes, such as adipogenesis and lipolysis. However, the functional role of GPR43 in brown adipocytes is still not clear. In this study, we investigated the effects of the PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone on GPR43 expression in brown adipogenesis. The results demonstrated that GPR43 was expressed during the late phase of brown adipocyte differentiation, which could be further augmented by adipogenic agent rosiglitazone treatment. The PPARγ/RXR heterodimerization was found to be the key transcription factor for this enhancing effect of rosiglitazone on GPR43 expression. Taken together, these results suggested GPR43 levels might be regulated by PPARγ-activated events during brown adipocytes differentiation and reflect the adipogenesis status of brown adipocytes.

Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Inhibition by t-TUCB Promotes Brown Adipogenesis and Reduces Serum Triglycerides in Diet-Induced Obesity

“…To confirm whether t -TUCB increases mitochondrial respiration in murine brown adipocytes, cellular energetics were measured using an XF24 Extracellular Flux Analyzer ( Figure 5 ). PPARγ has been recognized as a master regulator for both white and brown adipocyte differentiation [ 23 ] and rosiglitazone (Rosi), a synthetic ligand for PPARγ, was shown to promote brown adipocyte differentiation [ 24 ]; therefore, we included Rosi as a positive control in our assays. t -TUCB or Rosi-treated brown adipocytes had a higher basal oxygen consumption rate (OCR) compared to the controls ( Figure 5 A).…”

Modulation of Adipocyte Metabolism by Microbial Short-Chain Fatty Acids

“…Notably, GPR43 expression in white adipose tissue was confined to adipocytes, and not found in the stromal vascular fraction [78]. It is still unclear whether brown adipocytes express GPR43, with one group reporting no expression in BAT [82], and others reporting low expression levels in immortalized brown adipocyte cell lines, albeit at much lower levels than in white adipocytes [83,84].…”