Expression of genes responsible for biomineralization of Pinctada fucata during development

Differential Gene Expression during Larval Metamorphic Development in the Pearl Oyster,Pinctada fucata, Based on Transcriptome Analysis

“…On the contrary, genes in trend 29 showed significant enrichment in translational elongation pathways, suggesting that protein synthesis is more and more prevalent during larval development. In trends 27 and 28, a large number of unigenes were involved in the calcium signaling pathway, synchronizing with the shell formation of prodissoconchs I and II in D-shaped and umbonal stages [24, 41]. In addition, immune pathways were also enriched, indicating that innate protection is important during the entire course of larval development [3, 42, 43].…”

“…For P. fucata , the draft genome [19] and tissue transcriptomes [20–23] have been recently reported. Based on the transcriptomic sequences from a mixture of nine developmental stages of P. fucata [19], biomineralization-related gene expression profiles during larval development have been investigated [24, 25] and genes involved in body patterning [26], transcription factors [27], and homeobox genes [28] have been identified. Nonetheless, developmentally important genes and their expression patterns during the larval stages of developing P. fucata have not been systematically studied at the transcript level to date.…”

Ultrastructure, chemistry and mineralogy of the growing shell of the European abalone Haliotis tuberculata

“…Larval shell microstructure has been investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in about 10 bivalve species (Carriker and Palmer, 1979;Waller, 1981;Castilho et al, 1989;Weiss et al, 2002;Kudo et al, 2010;Miyazaki et al, 2010). Prodissoconch contains three mineralized layers, namely an inner prismatic, a central granular layer and an outer prismatic layer adjacent to the external periostracum, the thickness of each layer varying with age and location within the shell (Weiss et al, 2002).…”

Highly expressed EGFR in pearl sac may facilitate the pearl formation in the pearl oyster, Pinctada fucata

“…Quantitative real-time PCR was performed in triplicate for each sample using the CFX96 real-time PCR Detection System (Eppendorf, Germany) in a 20 μl reaction system, following the components: 10 μl of 2 × SYBR Green Real-time PCR Master Mix (TaKaRa, Dalian, China), 0.4 μl of each primer (10 μM), 1.0 μl cDNA and 8.2 μl RNase-free water. The PCR program was as follows: 95°C for 30 s, 40 cycles of 95°C for 5 s and 60°C for 30 s. 18S rRNA gene was selected as the reference gene (Miyazaki et al, 2010). Data were analyzed with the Realplex2 software (Eppendorf, Germany).…”