Expression of genes related to liver fatty acid metabolism in fat‐tailed and thin‐tailed lambs during negative and positive energy balances

Abstract

Fat-tailed sheep breeds can tolerate periods of negative energy balance without suffering from elevated concentration of plasma non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA). This ability was attributed to unique metabolism of fat-tailed adipose depot, whereas role of liver as an influential organ in fatty acid metabolism was not evaluated yet. Hence, current study was conducted to evaluate the effects of negative and positive energy balances on liver expression of genes related to fatty acid metabolism in fat-tailed and thin-tailed lambs. Lambs experienced negative (21 days) and positive (21 days) energy balances and were slaughtered at the beginning and end of negative energy balance and at the end of positive energy balance. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-Q-PCR) was conducted to evaluate changes in gene expression.Expression of diglyceride acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1), 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase 2 (HMGCS2) and apolipoprotein B (APOB) was not affected by genotype, energy balance and their interaction. Expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1) was significantly higher in liver of fat-tailed comparing to thin-tailed lambs regardless of energy balance (p < 0.02). Catalase mRNA abundance was increased in response to negative energy balance (p < 0.02), and severity of this enhancement was higher in fat-tailed lambs (p < 0.06). Expression of CPT1 was positively correlated with expression of HMGCS2 in both fat-tailed (p < 0.05) and thin-tailed lambs (p < 0.002); however, the correlation was weaker in fat-tailed lambs (0.72 vs. 0.57, respectively, for thin-tailed and fat-tailed lambs). There was a positive correlation between DGAT1 and APOB genes expression in fat-tailed lambs (0.94; p < 0.001), whereas this correlation was not observed in thin-tailed lambs. Results demonstrate that liver of fat-tailed lambs has higher capacity for metabolism of mobilized NEFA exposed to liver during negative energy balance. K E Y W O R D Sfat mobilization, fat-tailed lambs, fatty acid metabolism, liver genes expression, negative energy balance

Synergistic effect of docosahexaenoic acid or conjugated linoleic acid with caffeic acid on ameliorating oxidative stress of HepG2 cells

“…LDH leakage could be also employed to investigate the degree of cell injury and the resistance effect of oxidative stress injury. DHA decreased LDH activity to inhibit deoxynivalenol‐induced intestinal porcine epithelial cell injury (Xiao et al., 2020). Luo et al.…”

“…Fortunately, numerous studies have found that one of popular methods to relieve oxidative stress is dietary or pharmaceutical of the endogenous defense capacity (Adkins et al, 2017;Bian et al, 2015). Diets supplementation with high level of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6; n-3) and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA; 18; n-6) could reduce inflammation and the incidence of chronic diseases including cardiovascular disease and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) (Duckett et al, 2019;Qureshi et al, 2016;Shen et al, 2018;Zakariapour et al, 2018). According to the study of Pettersen et al, DHA concentrates on oxidative stress and autophagy-induced stress response in human colon cancer cells to improve the effect of conventional cancer therapy (Pettersen et al, 2016).…”