Expression of GCDFP‐15 and AR decreases in larger or node‐positive apocrine carcinomas of the breast

Honma, Naoko; Takubo, Kaiyo; Akiyama, Futoshi; Sawabe, Motoji; Arai, Tomio; Younes, Mamoun; Kasumi, Fujio; Sakamoto, Goi

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2559.2005.02181.x

Cited by 60 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 21 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…29 They are found mainly in body folds including the axillary, groin and anogenital regions, where apocrine glands are most concentrated, as well as in the umbilicus, eyelid (Moll's glands), areola and in external auditory meatus. 30 In this study 2/4 of syringocystadenoma papilliferum found to be located in the eye lid and arose predominantly at the time of puberty in female. Clinically 2/4 of syringocystadenoma papilliferum were diagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma, one as nevus sebaceous and one as lymphangioma.…”

Section: Study On Skin Appendageal Tumorsmentioning

confidence: 59%

A clinico-histopathological study on skin appendageal tumors

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Skin Appendageal tumors are a large and diverse group of tumors that are commonly classiied according to their state of appendageal differentiation: follicular, sebaceous, eccrine and apocrine. Objectives of this study were to study the clinic-epidemiological proile of skin appendageal tumors and to correlate the clinico-histopathological diagnosis. Materials and Methods:This was a retrospective and prospective study which included all cases of skin adnexal tumours diagnosed histologically during the period of four and half years. Tumors were analyzed considering the anatomic location, duration, size and type of the tumour, along with age and sex of the patient. The Histological characterization was done according to the WHO classiication system and was correlated with the clinical diagnosis. Collected data were analysed using SPSS PC+ 11.5 Version for statistical analysis.Results: A total of 70 neoplasms of skin appendages included, 68 (97.1%) were benign and 2 (2.9%) was malignant. Female comprised of 47 (67.1%) and 23 (32.9%) were male. The mean age was 39.23 years. Of all, 43 (61.4%) tumors were follicular, 18 (25.7%) were eccrine, 7 (10%) were apocrine and 2 (2.9%) were with sebaceous differentiation. The three commonest tumors encountered in this study were Pilomatricoma (21.4%), Keratoacanthoma (17.1%) and Trichoepithelioma (14.3%). Clinically, 13/70 (18.5%) cases were diagnosed as SAT.

show abstract

Section: Study On Skin Appendageal Tumorsmentioning

confidence: 59%

A clinico-histopathological study on skin appendageal tumors

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Although, these findings need to be explored in more detail with large number of cases; they still appear to be concordant with at least some previous studies, which suggested that AR expression is lost with more aggressive and larger tumors and AR expression in both ER-positive and ER-negative tumors is associated with improved recurrence free survival. [38][39][40][41] The presence of AR expression in ER-negative tumors has a particular prognostic significance. Most ER-negative tumors (ie, ERBB2 and triplenegative tumors) are considered as aggressive, but it appears that AR reactivity can be used to prognosticate these tumors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Androgen receptor in breast cancer: expression in estrogen receptor-positive tumors and in estrogen receptor-negative tumors with apocrine differentiation

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Androgens exert growth inhibitory effects on estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor-negative breast cancer cell lines that show androgen receptor expression. These laboratory findings may be translated into inexpensive alternative therapies for hormone receptor-negative invasive breast cancers. Our aim was to systematically evaluate androgen receptor expression by immunohistochemistry in invasive breast cancers. Androgen receptor (clone AR441, Dako) expression was analyzed on 189 well-characterized consecutive invasive breast carcinomas represented with threefold redundancy on tissue microarrays. Androgen receptor expression was semi-quantitated using a histochemical score-like method and a score 410 was considered positive. Of the 189 consecutive invasive breast cancers, 151 (80%) were positive and 38 (20%) were negative for androgen receptor. The majority (95%) of estrogen receptor-positive tumors were also androgen receptor positive. Of the estrogen receptor-negative tumors, androgen receptor reactivity was seen in 3 of 30 (10%) triple-negative cases and in 5/8 (63%) estrogen receptor-negative/progesterone receptor-negative/HER2 þ cases. Six of eight estrogen receptor-negative/androgen receptor-positive cases showed apocrine differentiation. Androgen receptor expression in estrogen receptor-positive cases was associated with smaller tumor size (P ¼ 0.0001), lower Nottingham grade (P ¼ 0.002) and less frequent tumor cell necrosis (P ¼ 0.0001). Androgen receptor expression in estrogen receptor-negative tumors was associated with lower Nottingham grade (P ¼ 0.005) and apocrine differentiation (P ¼ 0.039). In conclusion, most estrogen receptor-positive breast tumors also express androgen receptor. Androgen receptor expression in estrogen receptor-negative/ progesterone receptor-negative/HER2 þ tumors (which commonly show apocrine differentiation) and a subset of triple -negative apocrine tumors suggest that these tumors together comprises the 'molecular apocrine' group described previously. However, these findings should be further confirmed on larger series of triplenegative and estrogen negative/progesterone negative/HER2 þ tumors. Androgen receptor-targeted therapy in estrogen/progesterone receptor-negative tumors may provide an inexpensive alternative to usual high-dose chemotherapy with or without trastuzumab. Keywords: androgen receptor; breast carcinoma; apocrine differentiation Breast cancer represents a diverse group of tumors that vary in clinical behavior and response to therapy. Currently, invasive breast cancer is treated by multi-modality therapy. Approximately 75% of breast cancers are positive for estrogen (ER) and/or progesterone (PR) receptor protein expression. This group of tumors is generally responsive to selective estrogen receptor modulators, 1 with relative resistance seen in a subset of tumors co-expressing HER2. 2 The remaining 20-25% of breast cancers are ER and PR negative and are not amenable to selective estrogen receptor modulators. This hormone receptor-negative group include...

show abstract

“…3A), fat tissue, or any other cell type of mammary tissue examined [20], underscoring their value as specific markers for apocrine lesions. These biomarkers are far superior for discrimination of apocrine cells compared to GCDFP-15, a protein generally regarded as a specific functional marker of apocrine cells [61], which cannot be used alone to pinpoint apocrine lesions as it is expressed by some non-apocrine breast epithelial cells [20,37,62].…”

Section: Apocrine Differentiation Of Breast Epithelial Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular pathology of breast apocrine carcinomas: A protein expression signature specific for benign apocrine metaplasia

et al. 2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease that encompasses a wide range of histopathological types including: invasive ductal carcinoma, lobular carcinoma, medullary carcinoma, mucinous carcinoma, tubular carcinoma, and apocrine carcinoma among others. Pure apocrine carcinomas represent about 0.5% of all invasive breast cancers according to the Danish Breast Cancer Cooperative Group Registry, and despite the fact that they are morphologically distinct from other breast lesions, there are at present no standard molecular criteria available for their diagnosis. In addition, the relationship between benign apocrine changes and breast carcinoma is unclear and has been a matter of discussion for many years. Recent proteome expression profiling studies of breast apocrine macrocysts, normal breast tissue, and breast tumours have identified specific apocrine biomarkers [15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH) and hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMG-CoA reductase)] present in early and advanced apocrine lesions. These biomarkers in combination with proteins found to be characteristically upregulated in pure apocrine carcinomas (psoriasin, S100A9, and p53) provide a protein expression signature distinctive for benign apocrine metaplasias and apocrine cystic lesions. These studies have also presented compelling evidence for a direct link, through the expression of the prostaglandin degrading enzyme 15-PGDH, between early apocrine lesions and pure apocrine carcinomas. Moreover, specific antibodies against the components of the expression signature have identified precursor lesions in the linear histological progression to apocrine carcinoma. Finally, the identification of proteins that characterize the early stages of mammary apocrine differentiation such as 15-PGDH, HMG-CoA reductase, and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) has opened a window of opportunity for pharmacological intervention, not only in a therapeutic manner but also in a chemopreventive setting. Here we review published and recent results in the context of the current state of research on breast apocrine cancer.

show abstract

Expression of GCDFP‐15 and AR decreases in larger or node‐positive apocrine carcinomas of the breast

Cited by 60 publications

References 21 publications

A clinico-histopathological study on skin appendageal tumors

A clinico-histopathological study on skin appendageal tumors

Androgen receptor in breast cancer: expression in estrogen receptor-positive tumors and in estrogen receptor-negative tumors with apocrine differentiation

Molecular pathology of breast apocrine carcinomas: A protein expression signature specific for benign apocrine metaplasia

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About