Expression of CC Chemokines CCL2, CCL5, and CCL11 is Associated with Duration of Disease and Complications in Type-1 Diabetes: A Study on Iranian Diabetic Patients

Abstract

Background: Type-1 diabetes (T1D) is defined as a heterogeneous autoimmune disease. Immune system related factors are important in the pathogenesis of T1D. Chemokines are important factors in the pathogenesis of several autoimmune diseases, including T1D. They are potent chemotactic cytokines with various functions such as maturation, trafficking of leukocytes, angiogenesis, and homing of stem cells. Therefore, the current study was aimed to examine whether expression of CC chemokines CCL2, CCL5, and CXCL11 is associated with disease duration and complications in Iranian T1D patients. Methods: In this experimental study, blood samples were collected from 108 T1D patients and 189 healthy controls in EDTA pre-coated tubes. The serum levels of CC chemokines were measured by ELISA. Demographic data were also collected along with experimental examinations in a questionnaire which was designed specifically for this study. Results: Results of the present study demonstrated that the expression of CCL2 was decreased while CCL5 and CCL11 were increased in T1D patients in comparison to controls. These results demonstrated that CCL2, CCL5, and CCL11 were elevated in T1D patients with duration of disease. Again, our findings demonstrated that CCL2, CCL5, and CCL11 were elevated in T1D patients with age. But there was not a significant difference between circulating level of CC chemokines studied in T1D patients regarding their gender and they have followed a similar pattern of expression in both genders. Our findings also showed that all three CC chemokines were elevated in T1D patients suffering from diabetes complications. Conclusions: According to the results of our study, elevated levels of CCL5 and CCL11 are in parallel with decreased level of CCL2 and are useful tools in the differential diagnosis of T1D from other types of metabolic disorders. Elevated levels of these CC chemokines probably could be implicated as predictive factors for occurrence of T1D complications. These results may also re-emphasize the prominent therapeutic role(s) of these CC chemokines in control of either T1D or its associated complications.

Loss of NOX-Derived Superoxide Exacerbates Diabetogenic CD4 T-Cell Effector Responses in Type 1 Diabetes

“…Ncf1 m1J splenocytes displayed enhanced synthesis of proinflammatory chemokines implicated in T1D pathogenesis, including CCL5 (chemokine [C-C] motif ligand 5) (3- and 2.0-fold) and CXCL10 (chemokine [C-X-C motif] ligand 10) (332- and 2.0-fold) upon incubation with dispersed islet cells or mimotope, respectively ( Fig. 3 G – H ) ( 29 – 31 ). In addition to splenocytes, purified BDC-2.5.…”

Serum concentration of angiogenic (CXCL1, CXCL12) and angiostasis (CXCL9, CXCL10) CXC chemokines are differentially altered in normal and gestational diabetes mellitus associated pregnancies

“…Furthermore, it has also been reported that CXCL12 and its relevant receptors (CXCR4 and CXCR7) in addition to serving as a particular actor in phenomenon of neovascularization (formation of new blood vesicles play paramount roles in regulation of hematopoietic cell trafficking and homing of bone marrow precursors within the bone marrow niches [24,25]. As stated earlier, CXCL1 and CXCL12 are both functionally angiogenesis and aid forming of new blood vessels while, CXCL9 and CXCL10 exhibit angiostasis properties and thus inhibit phenomenon of neovascularization and forming of new blood vessels [6,8,26]. A body of evidences have addressed the involvement of some other CXC chemokines in pathogenesis of GDM [27][28][29], however, the role of CXCL1, CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL12 in GDM pathogenesis yet to be fully elucidated.…”

Association between RANTES -403A/G polymorphism and susceptibility to hepatitis B virus infection: A meta-analysis

“…To date, there were a series of RANTES polymorphisms been reported, including -403A/G, -28C/ G, intronic variant INT1.1T/C and 524T/C [11][12][13][14][17][18][19][20]. They were involved in viral and non-viral diseases, such as AIDS, tuberculosis, type-1 diabetes, coronary artery disease, systemic lupus [33][34][35][36][37]. Different RANTES polymorphisms have different effects on the risk of HBV infection.…”