Serum concentration of angiogenic (CXCL1, CXCL12) and angiostasis (CXCL9, CXCL10) CXC chemokines are differentially altered in normal and gestational diabetes mellitus associated pregnancies

Abstract

Background The present study was aimed and designed to determine the serum levels of CXCL1 and CXCL12 as angiogenesis along with CXCL9 and CXCL10 as angiostasis, chemokines in, Gestational diabetes mellitus mothers (GDMM) and normal pregnancy mothers (NPM) and neonates who delivered by them. Methods We have recruited 63 pregnant GDMM and 63 normal pregnant mothers at the third trimester of pregnancy to this cross-sectional study. Cord blood specimens were obtained from neonates who were delivered from GDMM and NPM. The serum and cord blood levels of chemokines were measured by ELISA in studied groups. Data were analyzed by chi-square and student's t test between two groups. The P-values less than 0.05 were considered significant. Results Our results revealed that the serum levels of CXCL1, CXCL9 and CXCL12 were increased in GDMM, while no alteration was found in the serum levels of CXCL10 when compared to NPM. We have observed that in neonates the serum levels of angiogeneic chemokines followed an inverse fashion when compared to angiostasis chemokines. Interestingly, CXCL1 and CXCL12 were both increased in neonates who were delivered by GDMM, while, CXCL9 and CXCL10 were decreased in neonates delivered by GDMM. Keywords CXCL1. CXCL9. CXCL10. CXCL12. Chemokine. Gestational diabetes mellitus Abbreviations APGAR is a quick test performed on delivered infants at 1 and 5 min after birth BMI Body mass index FBS Fasting blood sugar GCT Glucose challenge test GDM Gestational diabetes mellitus INF Interferon PAI-1, Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 TNF-α Tumor necrosis factor-α T2DM Type 2 diabetes mellitus MetS Metabolic syndrome HbA1C The hemoglobin A1C ELISA Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay SPSS Statistical package for the Social sciences GDMM Gestational diabetes mellitus mothers NPM Normal pregnancy mothers * Mojgan Noroozi Karimabad

Association of Stromal Cell-derived Factor-1 With Diabetic Kidney Disease in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

“…The present study demonstrated that serum SDF-1 levels were signi cantly higher in type 2 diabetic patients than normal controls, and were positively associated with HbA1c. Similar with our study, R. Derakhshan et al revealed that plasm SDF-1 levels were higher in gestational diabetes mellitus mothers than in normal pregnancy mothers [16], and higher in type 2 diabetic patients than in normal controls [17]. SDF-1 and its receptor CXCR4 are expressed in both islet alpha-and beta-cells [18], and the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis may induce islet in ammation by attracting in ammatory cells to the islet and eventually lead to the occurrence of T2D [19].…”

Serum stromal cell-derived factor-1 levels are associated with diabetic kidney disease in type 2 diabetic patients

“…In the present study, serum SDF-1 levels were significantly higher in type 2 diabetic patients than in normal controls and positively associated with HbA1c, suggesting that serum SDF-1 levels might be related to diabetic status. Similar to our study, R. Derakhshan et al also observed that plasma SDF-1 levels were higher in mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus than in those with normal pregnancy [18] and higher in type 2 diabetic patients than in normal controls [15]. Thus, SDF-1 may be closely correlated with diabetic status.…”

Immunoendocrine Dysregulation during Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: The Central Role of the Placenta

“…The research group of Dr. Mojgan Karimabad found increased serum levels of CXCL1 and CXCL12, chemokines with pro-angiogenic properties [ 246 , 247 , 248 ], in neonates from GDM mothers, whereas antiangiogenic chemokines CXCL9 and CXCL10 were downregulated, compared to neonates from healthy mothers without GDM [ 249 ]. In addition, upregulated expression and activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9 and downregulated expression of TIMP-2 has been observed in trophoblasts under hyperglycemic treatment (30 mM), favoring endothelial cell migration during angiogenesis [ 240 ].…”