Expression characteristics of proteins of IGF-1R, p-Akt, and survivin in papillary thyroid carcinoma patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is related to increased risk of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) is increased in patients with T2DM. The increased IGF-1R may be responsible for the development of PTC. In this study, we investigated the expression of phosphorylation of Akt (p-Akt)/survivin pathway activated by IGF-1R in PTC subjects with and without diabetes.Clinicopathological data of 20 PTC patients with T2DM were retrospectively analyzed and compared with those of 21 PTC subjects without diabetes. Meanwhile, IGF-1R, p-Akt, and survivin expressions of PTC tissues were detected by immunohistochemical staining.The immunohistochemical results found that the expression level of IGF-1R was significantly higher in diabetic PTC patients than that in nondiabetic PTC patients (P < 0.05). However, no significant differences of p-Akt and survivin expression were found between PTC patients with T2DM and PTC patients without T2DM. In addition, among 20 PTC patients with T2DM, subgroup analysis showed that the ratio of tumor size >10 mm was significantly higher in IGF-1R moderate to strong expression group than that in IGF-1R negative to weak expression group (P < 0.05).IGF-1R expression level was higher in PTC patients with T2DM, and the increased IGF-1R expression was associated with lager tumor size. IGF-1R may play an important role in carcinogenesis and tumor growth in PTC patients with T2DM.

Insulin Resistance: Any Role in the Changing Epidemiology of Thyroid Cancer?

“…In agreement with these data, phosphorylated IGF-1Rs are highly expressed in the majority of TCs but tend to be low in aggressive tumors ( 106 ). Interestingly, IGF-1R expression in PTC appears to be higher in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) than in non-diabetic patients ( 107 ). Taken together, these data suggest that both IGF-1R and IR-A play a role in TC.…”

IGF Bioregulation System in Benign and Malignant Thyroid Nodular Disease: A Systematic Review

“…After applying the inclusion criteria (Figure 1), 45 studies were included in this review . Of those, 4 were prospective (9,11,16,19), 10 were retrospective (8,10,14,15,17,22,25,40,42,44), 2 were case-control studies (20,24) and for the rest of the studies the design method was not referred.…”

“…IGF1 was investigated in 31 studies (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38) and IGF2 in one (26). The receptor of IGF1 was measured in 15 studies (7,15,18,22,27,29,31,34,35,(39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44) and its binding proteins in 13 (11,13,20,24,35,…”

“…Each molecule was measured using different assays: i) ELISA-like assays such as radioimmunoassay (RIA), immune radiometric assay (IRMA) and chemiluminescence were used in 16 studies (7, 9,11-13, 16, 17, 21, 24, 28, 31-33, 36, 38, 39), ii) immunohistochemistry (IHC) in 22 (8, 10, 14, 15, 18, 19, 22, 25, 27, 29, 30, 34, 35, 37, 40-42, 44-46, 48, 49), iii) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in 6 (14,15,20,34,43,47), iv) reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in 7 (8,18,26,31,48,50,51), v) immunolight in one (23), vi) northern analysis in 3 (29,33,36), vii) in situ hybridization in one (34), viii) western blot in 2 (36,41) and ix) guanidium thiocyanate method in one (36). Eight of them referred only to benign thyroid diseases (9,11,12,17,19,21,24,33), one to medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) (39), one to anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) (32), 7 to papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) (15,23,30,40,41,43,44), and the rest to combinations of benign and malignant tumors. Nineteen studies performed correlation analyses between the studied molecule and factors, such as tumor size, sex, age, aggressiveness, capsular, muscular, vascular or lymph nodes invasion (8-11, 13, 17, 18-21, 27,...…”

“…Other studies have investigated the IGF-1R expression in subjects with PTC (40,41). One of them aimed to compare the IGF-1R between patients with PTC and diabetes mellitus type II and patients with PTC but not diabetic (40). In the first group, the IGF-1R stained stronger than in the second one (p=0.037).…”