Exposure Treatments for Focal Phobias

Linden, Wolfgang

doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1981.01780320049005

Cited by 17 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Although Linden (1981) failed to find any clinical investigations comparing ID and RD, it appears that at least two such studies had been completed (but were incorrectly classified by him) and a third has since been published. In the first of these three studies, Crowe er al.…”

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confidence: 99%

Desensitization treatment of agoraphobia

James¹

1985

British J Clinic Psychol

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confidence: 99%

Desensitization treatment of agoraphobia

James¹

1985

British J Clinic Psychol

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“…Important questions like “What is the dollar value of a high quality of life?” remain difficult to answer. However, some low-cost approaches have been demonstrated to produce equal impact (e.g., group vs. individual exposure for agoraphobia; Linden, 1981), and research on these issues warrants full support and increased attention (Shapiro & Shapiro, 1982). It was rather surprising to note that a good number of researchers were interested in cost-related issues but failed to explicitly state observed cost advantages.…”

Section: Suggestions For Increased Knowledge Accumulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapy outcome research, health care policy, and the continuing lack of accumulated knowledge.

Linden¹,

Wen²

1990

Professional Psychology: Research and Practice

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Design characteristics in therapy outcome research were evaluated for their inherent potential in responding to questions raised by clinicians, consumers, and policymakers. Attention was directed at the generalizability of findings, the assessment and definition of benefit, and the cost involved. A review of 302 outcome studies published in 3 clinical journals from 1978/1979 and 1986/1987 indicated that the number of published outcome studies has decreased over time, that the experimental designs used are largely unable to provide answers for policymakers, and that it is primarily the quality of measurement and documentation of change that has improved. Publication trends reflect a continuing lack of replication studies, insufficient attempts to describe the clinical meaning of findings, and a widespread disregard for considerations of statistical power. WOLFGANG LINDEN, PhD, received his doctorate from McGill University in 1981. He is currently an associate professor in the clinical psychology program at the University of British Columbia. Although his clinical research focuses on cardiovascular disease, he maintains an active interest in professional issues.

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“…This is obtained through repeatedly presenting the stimulus for a prolonged period of time in a controlled manner (Foa & Kozak, 1986). In exposure therapy, the stimulus can be presented in a variety of forms, with the most common being the presentation of the actual stimulus, called in vivo exposure (Linden, 1981).…”

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confidence: 99%

Virtual reality as treatment for fear of flying: A review of recent research.

Price¹,

Anderson²,

Rothbaum³

2008

International Journal of Behavioral Consultation and Therapy

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Virtual reality exposure has recently emerged as an important tool for exposure therapy in the treatment of fear of flying. There have been numerous empirical studies that have evaluated the effectiveness of virtual reality exposure as compared to other treatments including in vivo exposure, progressive muscle relaxation, cognitive therapy, bibliotherapy, and supportive group therapy. The results of two case studies and eight outcome trials have indicated that virtual reality exposure is comparable or superior to these treatments. However, the best results, as indicated by a reduction in self reported anxiety and fear experienced during an actual flight, were obtained when virtual reality exposure is combined with cognitive interventions.

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Exposure Treatments for Focal Phobias

Cited by 17 publications

References 40 publications

Desensitization treatment of agoraphobia

Desensitization treatment of agoraphobia

Therapy outcome research, health care policy, and the continuing lack of accumulated knowledge.

Virtual reality as treatment for fear of flying: A review of recent research.

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