Exposure to bleached kraft pulp mill effluent disrupts the pituitary-gonadal axis of white sucker at multiple sites

Kraak, Glen J. Van Der; Munkittrick, Kelly R.; McMaster, Mark E.; Portt, C. B.; Chang, John P.

doi:10.1016/0041-008x(92)90327-o

Cited by 271 publications

(138 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Many field studies suggest estrogenic effects on fish in polluted habitats, including reduced reproduction success (Petersen et al, 1997), reduced the levels of plasma estrogens in males (Johnson et al, 1988), and alternation in sex ratios (Lang et al, 1995). However, some reports showed anti-estrogenic activity on fish, for example masculination of fish (Leblac et al, 1997), reduced gonad growth (Sanstrom et al, 1997), disrupted steroid synthesis by the ovary and altered peripheral metabolism of steroids (Van der Kraak et al, 1992). In addition, M74 syndrome (environmentally related disease 1974) in Baltic salmon and the equivalent Early Mortality Syndrome (EMS) in salmonids of North American Great Lakes were observed in fry and embryo (AFS, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute and early life stage toxicity of industrial effluent on Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes)

Zha¹,

Wang²

2006

Science of The Total Environment

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To develop the whole effluent toxicity testing methods (WET), embryo larval stage toxicity test using Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) was conducted to evaluate an effluent from a banknote printing plant (BPP). The method is based on acute toxicity using endpoint of 96-h larval morality and on chronic toxicity using endpoints such as the time to hatch, hatching success, deformity, growth rate, swim-up failure, accumulative mortality and sexual ratio. In test for 96-h larval mortality, LC50 (the concentration was lethal to 50% of newly hatching medaka larvae) was 72.9%. In chronic toxicity test, newly fertilized embryos (b 5-h old) were exposed to 1%, 6.25%, 12.5%, 25%, 50% effluent concentrations and to 200 Ag/l BPA in a 24-h static renewal system at 25 F 1 8C until 15 day post-hatch. The results showed that all chronic endpoints were significantly different from the control at 50% dilution ( p b 0.01). Embryos began to show lesions on 4th day at higher concentrations (12.5%, 25%, 50% BPP effluent concentrations). Treatment group of 25% dilution showed delayed time to hatch. A reduction in body weight was observed at 25% dilutions for males and females, respectively. Deformities were observed in newly hatched larvae at 25% and 50% BPP effluent concentrations. At 25% dilution, sex ratio of larvae was alternated and there was feminization phenomenon. We conclude that embryo larval stage test using medaka is feasible to evaluate both acute and chronic toxicities and potential endocrine disrupting activity of industrial effluents. D

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute and early life stage toxicity of industrial effluent on Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes)

Zha¹,

Wang²

2006

Science of The Total Environment

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“…Many researches have been focused on fish, since as aquatic inhabitants they receive sewage or industrial effluent and agricultural runoff containing estrogenic chemicals [5,14,30]. In fish, estrogenic responses have been associated with exposure to pesticides [3,35], pulp mill effluents [23,29,34], plasticizers [19] and sewage effluent [2,17,31]. Abnormalities have also been reported in the male reproductive system of fish living in water polluted by sewage or industrial chemicals [12,25].…”

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confidence: 99%

Gonadosomatic Index and Testis Morphology of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio) in Rivers Contaminated with Estrogenic Chemicals.

Hassanin

Kuwahara

Nurhidayat

et al. 2002

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. To study the effect of estrogenic chemicals on fish, the gonadosomatic index (GSI = [testis weight/body weight] × 100) and testis histology of mature common carp (Cyprinus carpio) from 2 contaminated sites (Ishizu and Wada rivers, Osaka) and a control site were examined between June 1998 and March 2001. The concentration of nonylphenol, bisphenol A and 17β-estradiol in the Ishizu river was 3-4 times higher than in the Wada river. In the pre-breeding and breeding seasons, there were no significant differences in body weight among carp from the 3 sites, the body weight of Ishizu river carp being significantly lower (p<0.05) than that of Wada river fish only in the post-breeding season. The GSI and testis weight in fish from the Ishizu river were significantly lower (p<0.05) than in control fish during all phases of gonadal cycle and lower than in Wada river fish in the pre-breeding and post-breeding season. No histological abnormalities were found in the testes of the males examined. Histological observation of the testes revealed a delay in the onset of spermatogenesis in fish from the Ishizu river compared with those from the other sites. These results clearly imply that the estrogenic chemicals in the Ishizu river adversely affect the testis development of the fish. There is growing evidence in support of the claim that contamination of a wildlife population with estrogenic chemicals can disturb the reproductive function of vertebrates [6,7,12]. Many researches have been focused on fish, since as aquatic inhabitants they receive sewage or industrial effluent and agricultural runoff containing estrogenic chemicals [5,14,30]. In fish, estrogenic responses have been associated with exposure to pesticides [3,35], pulp mill effluents [23,29,34], plasticizers [19] and sewage effluent [2,17,31]. Abnormalities have also been reported in the male reproductive system of fish living in water polluted by sewage or industrial chemicals [12,25]. Studies on the male teleost revealed changes including induced vitellogenin production [5,13,14,20], hermaphroditism as evidenced by the presence of both testicular and ovarian tissues [8,10,11,18,31], reduced testis size [20] and reduced plasma androgen concentrations together with delayed sexual maturity [26].Some information is known on the effect of estrogens and estrogenic chemicals on the carp testis, and their relation to seasonal changes in testis morphology. Three-month exposure to a sublethal dose of 4-tert-pentylphenol or 17β-estradiol causes progressive disappearance of spermatozoa and spermatogenic cysts, and reduces the seminiferous tubule diameter, in mature male carp [11]. Ovo-testes were found in juvenile carp exposed to xeno-estrogens during sexual differentiation [8,9]. However, a field study on adult crucian carp (Carassius carassius) living in a pond containing treated pulp mill effluent showed no gonadal deformation or feminization of male gonads [23]. It is therefore important to study the testis of mature male carp (Cyprinus carpio) living in rivers ...

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“…White suckers, Catastomus commersoni, exposed to paper mill effluent in Lake Superior, Canada, are known to exhibit altered pituitary function, decreased plasma sex steroid concentrations, increased liver size, elevated hepatic mixed-function oxidase levels, decreased egg and gonadal size, and delayed age to sexual maturity (41)(42)(43).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Aromatase activity in the ovary and brain of the eastern mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki) exposed to paper mill effluent.

Orlando

Davis

Guillette

2002

Environ Health Perspect

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Endocrine DisruptorsStudies have shown that female mosquitofish living downstream of a paper mill located on the Fenholloway River, Florida, have masculinized secondary sex characteristics, including altered anal fin development and reproductive behavior. Masculinization can be caused by exposure to androgens in the water or from an alteration in aromatase activity in the fish. We hypothesized that aromatase activity would be inhibited by a component(s) of the paper mill effluent. Aromatase inhibition could masculinize the hormonal profile and, subsequently, secondary sex characteristics of the exposed females. Therefore, we predicted that ovarian and brain aromatase activity would be lower in the female mosquitofish from the Fenholloway River compared with the reference site, the Econfina River. Adult females were collected and standard length, body mass, anal fin length, and segment number were measured. Ovarian and brain aromatase activity were determined using a tritiated water assay.

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Exposure to bleached kraft pulp mill effluent disrupts the pituitary-gonadal axis of white sucker at multiple sites

Cited by 271 publications

References 42 publications

Acute and early life stage toxicity of industrial effluent on Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes)

Acute and early life stage toxicity of industrial effluent on Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes)

Gonadosomatic Index and Testis Morphology of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio) in Rivers Contaminated with Estrogenic Chemicals.

Aromatase activity in the ovary and brain of the eastern mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki) exposed to paper mill effluent.

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