Exposure of urban agglomeration population to the selected components of PM₁emitted from low emission sources

Abstract

Abstract. The sources of gaseous and particulate (PM) pollutants in Polish cities are mainly: municipal sector, industry, emissions from the road transport and the upstream emission (pollution "flowing" to the cities, derived from emission sources located outside of cities). The residents of the cities are mainly exposed to air pollutants from low-emission sources (i.e. municipal sector and road traffic). In the paper, the results of the study from field campaign, conducted in January of 2016 in Wroclaw will be presented. During the field campaign the 24-h concentrations of submicron particulate matter (PM 1 ) and 24-h concentrations of selected PM 1 -bound heavy metals were determined. The cancer risk associated with inhalation exposure to arsenic, nickel, and cadmium to the city's residents, based on the US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) standards methodology including the so-called lifelong chronic exposure of adult and child, was calculated. Measurements results showed that in Wroclaw during the winter season in 2016 the 24-h concentrations of PM 1 -bound arsenic, nickel and cadmium ranged from 0.51 to 4.26 ng/m 3 , 0.21-52.89 ng/m 3 and 0.08-1.01 ng/m 3 , respectively. Obtained calculations results of cancer risk values for inhalation exposure to arsenic were: for men: 6.11·10 -6 , women: 7.30·10-6

Analysis of Particulate Matter Concentration Variability and Origin in Selected Urban Areas in Poland

“…Descriptive statistics calculated for PM 10 , PM 2.5 and PM 1.0 concentrations for measurement point 1 located in Wrocław[34,[41][42][43]. All values in this table are given in µg/m 3 .…”

Do we know PM1 in Poland inside out?

“…The need to collect very large data sets to assess the origin of PM in various areas and the organizational and economic problems associated with it were also pointed out. It became clear that for effective use of elemental composition data for a reliable assessment of PM1 origin in urbanized areas, monitoring this composition should be carried out with much higher time resolution, and preferably in semi-automatic or automatic mode [8,13,16,19,23,24,29,33,40,41,43].…”

A Location Intelligence System for the Assessment of Pluvial Flooding Risk and the Identification of Storm Water Pollutant Sources from Roads in Suburbanised Areas

“…As one of the largest and most rapidly developing Polish cities [71], Wrocław is impacted by uncontrolled suburbanization [72,73], farmland degradation [74,75], and landscape deformation [76,77]. As a consequence, there are many negative effects of rapid urbanization, such as rising low emission and environmental pollution by traffic flow [78][79][80], changes in biodiversity and ecosystem services [81], thermal stress [82,83], as well as numerous economic and social implications [84,85]. Wrocław and its suburbs are mostly lying in the valleys and floodplains of the River Odra and its tributaries.…”