Export performance and competitiveness of Indonesian coconut oil and desiccated coconut

Abstract

Competitiveness is an essential key in market penetration in export destination countries. This study aims to analyze Indonesian coconut oil, refined, bleached and deodorized and desiccated coconut (DC) export performance and its competitiveness in the export market. The competitiveness measurement is seen from comparative and competitive advantages over the two products in each leading export destination market. The analysis method used graphical illustrations and the RCA and EPD covering the period of 2009-2018. The study shows that coconut oil and DC’s export performance increases in all export markets during the analysis period. The Chinese market is a prospective market for coconut oil with the most significant export growth, 10.51% per year, and the largest market share after the USA and South Korea. Meanwhile, the Russian market is the biggest after Germany and Singapore for DC products. The result shows that coconut oil and DC product have comparative competitiveness in all export markets. Coconut oil products are no longer competitive in the South Korean market because their exports are not growing dynamically. The Chinese market is still open, but Indonesia cannot take advantage of this opportunity (lost opportunity). Meantime, DC products have an ideal position in the Russian market and the USA market for coconut oil, namely the rising star. Indonesia gains additional market share with dynamic growth (fast-growing product). Active efforts to find new markets through market diversification and diplomacy while maintaining existing markets can be an option to increase the export of coconut oil and desiccated product.

Indonesian Coconut Oil Export Opportunities with Main Trade Partner Countries in the International Market

“…Indonesia is a frequent exporter and is considered a country specializing in selling crude coconut oil. According to Purba et al, (2021), processed coconut oil products and their derivatives have comparative competitiveness in all export markets. However, exports did not grow well in the South Korean market.…”

“…Aulia et al, (2020) discussed the likeness of Indonesia's coconut oil trade with competing nations. Whereas Purba et al, (2021) only conducted a study of the competitiveness of refined coconut oil in the central export destination countries. Hence, this inquiry can complement past thinks since it centers on openings for Indonesian coconut oil, particularly unrefined coconut oil, and handled coconut oil and its subordinates in major exchanging accomplice nations, which are not as it was seen from the trade competitiveness side but too from the arrive and request patterns for Indonesian coconut oil within the international market.…”

Analisis Ekspor Kelapa dan Produk Olahan Kelapa Indonesia di Pasar Uni Eropa: Pendekatan Indeks Spesialisasi Perdagangan

“…Wilayah Indonesia dengan sentra produksi kelapa terbesar pada tahun 2019 berada di lima Provinsi yaitu Riau 390,70 ribu ton, Sulawesi Utara 271,80 ribu ton dan Jawa Timur 240,40 ribu ton (BPS, 2020). Kelapa selain di perdagangkan dalam keadaan buah kelapa segar juga dapat diolah dengan berbagai diversifikasi produk seperti kopra, biji kelapa, Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO), minyak kelapa, santan, tepung kelapa, nata de coco, dan kelapa parut kering (Desiccated Coconut) (Purba et al, 2021) Mardesci 2017Jumarniati et al, 2020;Lauripan et al, 2023). Kelapa dan produk turunan asal Indonesia memberikan kontribusi besar terhadap konsumsi lokal dan menjadi komoditas ekspor unggulan dalam perdagangan internasional.…”

Kinerja Daya Saing Ekspor Crude Coconut Oil Indonesia Dan Pesaing Utama Di Pasar Internasional

“…Kontribusi ekspor CCO Indonesia dan Filipina mencapai 67% di pasar global dengan China sebagai negara importir utama CCO dan dan saat ini pasar eropa juga menjadi tujuan ekspor utama dari produk turunan kelapa dari Indonesia (Alouw and Wulandari, 2020). Selain pasar China, pasar Amerika Serikat dan Korea Selatan juga menjadi tujuan utama dari ekspor CCO Indonesia yang mencapai 65% dari total ekspor kelapa Indonesia (Purba et al, 2021). GDP Indonesia juga turut memberi pengaruh positif pada peningkatan ekspor CCO Indonesia (Tanago and Kaluge, 2019).…”