Explosion characteristics of pulverised torrefied and raw Norway spruce (Picea abies) and Southern pine (Pinus palustris) in comparison to bituminous coal

Medina, Clara Huéscar; Phylaktou, Herodotos N.; Andrews, Gordon E.; Gibbs, B.M.

doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.04.001

Cited by 17 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Year Application [206] 2016 -Processing and sorting forest residues: Cost, productivity and managerial impacts [207] 2016 -Fast hydrothermal liquefaction for production of chemicals and biofuels from wet biomass-The need to develop a plug-flow reactor [208] 2016 -Technical improvements and economic-environmental assessment along the overall torrefaction supply chain through the SECTOR project [209] 2016 -an assessment of the torrefaction of north american pine and life cycle greenhouse gase emission [210] 2016 -Optimal production scheduling for energy efficiency improvement in biofuel feedstock preprocessing considering work-in-process particle separation [211] 2016 -optimization the minimum production cost for the production of woody biofuels [212] 2016 -Prediction of high-temperature rapid combustion behaviour of woody biomass particles [213] 2016 -Environmental and Energy Performance of the Biomass to Synthetic Natural Gas Supply Chain [214] 2016 -Modeling of biofuel pellets torrefaction in a realistic geometry [215] 2015 -regionalized techno-economic assessment and policy analysis for biomass molded fuel in China [216] 2015 -Investigation into the applicability of Bond Work Index (BWI) and Hardgrove Grindability Index (HGI) tests for several biomasses compared to Colombian La Loma coal [217] 2015 -Explosion characteristics of pulverised torrefied and raw Norway spruce (Picea abies) and Southern pine (Pinus palustris) in comparison to bituminous coal [218] 2015 -high moisture corn stover pelleting in a flat die pellet mill fitted-physical properties and specific energy consumption [219] 2015 -comparative cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment of wood pellet production with torrefaction [220] 2011 -to achieve a first understanding of the possibility to combine torrefaction and hydrolysis for lignocellulosic bioethanol processes, and to evaluate it in terms of sugar and ethanol yields…”

Section: Refmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Treatment of Biomass: A Bibliometric Analysis—The Torrefaction Case

et al. 2020

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The aim of the paper was to summarize and discuss current research trends in biomass thermal treatment (torrefaction process). Quantitative analyses were carried out, in which the main countries, research units and scientists were indicated. The analysis showed a clear upward trend in number of publications after 2010. Most scientists on selected topics come from China, USA, Canada, South Korea, Republic of China, Poland (Web od Science—Core Collection (WoS-CC) and Scopus databases). Quantitative analysis also showed that the most relevant WoS-CC categories in the summary are: Energy Fuels, Engineering Chemical, Agricultural Engineering, Biotechnology Applied Microbiology and Thermodynamics and Scopus Subject area: Energy, Chemical Engineering, Environmental Science, Engineering and Chemistry. Thematic analysis included research topics, process parameters and raw materials used. Thematic groups were separated: torrefaction process (temp.: 150–400 °C), hydrothermal carbonization process (HTC) (temp: 120–500 °C), pyrolysis process (temp.: 200–650 °C) and gasification and co-combustion process (temp.: 350–1600 °C). In the years 2015–2019, current research topics were: new torrefaction technologies (e.g., HTC), improvement of the physico-mechanical, chemical and energetic properties of produced fuel as well as the use of torrefied biomass in the process of pyrolysis, gasification and co-combustion. The raw materials used in all types of biomass thermal treatment were: energy crops, wood from fast-growing and exotic trees, waste from the agri-food industry, sewage sludge and microalgae.

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Section: Refmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Treatment of Biomass: A Bibliometric Analysis—The Torrefaction Case

et al. 2020

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“…The volume of the explosion chamber was 20 L. The device is routinely used for standard explosion measurements . The results obtained in the 20 L explosion test apparatus show good agreements with those obtained using other, standardized apparatuses …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…Torrefied wood dust was studied by Wilén et al, who classified it as St1 and concluded that the reactivity and explosion risk of torrefied biomass increased compared to raw biomass. Medina et al studied pulverized torrefied Norwegian spruce and Southern pine and measured the explosion properties of both the torrefied and raw biomass. , They found that the explosion characteristic of torrefied spruce was 20% higher than that of the raw biomass and that the explosivity of both torrefied spruce and pine was higher than that of bituminous coal . The effect of torrefaction on explosion properties was mostly explained by an increased fraction of fine particles in the torrefied samples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Explosion Characteristics of Torrefied Wheat Straw, Rape Straw, and Vine Shoots Fuels

et al. 2017

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Torrefaction is a method for upgrading raw biomass to produce solid fuels that exhibit higher energy density relative to that of the raw material. In countries that produce significant amounts of agricultural residues, torrefaction may facilitate the utilization of waste in the energy sector by adding value to the raw fuel and opening pathways for new applications. In typical scenarios for utilization as fuel, both the raw and torrefied materials are stored in granular form. Dependent upon the properties of the granular material, the risk of dust explosion may be significant. Torrefaction changes the physical and chemical properties of the biomass and, therefore, affect explosion risk and severity. This work investigates the dust explosion characteristics of raw and torrefied agricultural wastes typically produced in Central European countries. The objective is to provide a characterization of these fuels in terms of explosion properties and make recommendations on storage design and safety. Three residues were studied: wheat straw, rape straw, and vine shoots. The samples were characterized in terms of their particle size, proximate and ultimate compositions, calorific properties, thermogravimetric behavior, and standard explosion characteristics. Torrefaction increased the explosivity of all three residues. Of the three samples, wheat straw was the least explosive, which is explained by the lowest amount of open cellular pores generated during torrefaction. Scanning electron microscopy imaging and thermogravimetry results suggested that the amount of open pores is the most significant contributor to the increase of explosivity caused by torrefaction, as opposed to increasing brittleness and fragmentation. For plants switching from using raw residues to torrefied fuels, the required area of typical explosion panels increases by 18−21% in the case of wheat and rape straw and by 26−30% in the case of vine shoots.

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“…To date, the reports about wood dust explosion characteristics are still in a fragmentary stage, including the description of the individual explosion characteristics of wood dust, describing common physical laws of various dust types such as explosion incentives, explosive conditions, as well as explosion and explosion factors (Hedlund et al 2014;Krentowski 2015). Minimal attention has been paid to the combustion and explosion dynamics in wood explosions (Calle et al 2005;Huescar Medina et al 2015), mainly because of the considerable variation in wood particle size and morphology, as well as the low density and large specific surface area of wood dust.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative studies on the explosion severity of different wood dusts from fiberboard production

Guo

Xiao

Zhu

et al. 2019

BioRes

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Wood dust samples with different particle sizes were used to investigate the explosion characteristics of wood dust. The dust samples came from Populus alba L., Pinus massoniana Lamb., and Cinnamonum camphora (L.) Pres., species that are commonly utilized in medium density fiberboard production in China. The thermogravimetric characteristics, element composition, and morphology of dust samples were analyzed to help explain the explosion phenomena in a 20 L sphere. The analysis showed that both the maximum explosion pressure and explosion index of wood dust presented a decreasing trend with increasing particle size, and the maximum explosion pressure values were in the range of 7 to 9 bar, regardless of species. For both explosion pressure and explosion index values, the wood dust with similar particle sizes were different, which are ranked as Populus alba > Cinnamonum camphora > Pinus massoniana. In addition, for the explosion pressure of wood dust with similar particle size, the dust concentration had threshold values. Additionally, the particle size and dust concentration had a synergistic effect on the explosion pressure and explosion index. Wood dust with a smaller particle size is more likely to explode at the threshold of concentration.

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Explosion characteristics of pulverised torrefied and raw Norway spruce (Picea abies) and Southern pine (Pinus palustris) in comparison to bituminous coal

Cited by 17 publications

References 26 publications

Thermal Treatment of Biomass: A Bibliometric Analysis—The Torrefaction Case

Thermal Treatment of Biomass: A Bibliometric Analysis—The Torrefaction Case

Explosion Characteristics of Torrefied Wheat Straw, Rape Straw, and Vine Shoots Fuels

Comparative studies on the explosion severity of different wood dusts from fiberboard production

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