Exploring the role of healthy dogs as hosts of enterohepatic Helicobacter species using cultivation‐dependent and ‐independent approaches

Abstract

Enterohepatic Helicobacter (EHH) species have been increasingly associated with acute gastroenteritis, inflammatory bowel disease and hepatobiliary diseases in humans. However, their host range and transmission routes are poorly understood.Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the presence of EHH in healthy dogs using both cultivation-dependent and -independent methods. Three hundred and ninety faecal samples from domestic dogs without gastrointestinal symptoms were analysed between June 2018 and July 2019 in Valdivia (South of Chile). Samples were inoculated on selective medium and in parallel were filtrated over an antibioticfree blood agar. Both media were incubated in a microaerobic atmosphere at 37°C for 7 days. Colonies were identified by PCR and phylogenetic analysis. A subset of 50 samples (half of them positive for EHH by cultivation and the remaining half negative) was analysed by PCR-Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) for direct detection. Cultivation method detected EHH in 15.4% (60/390) of the samples, being the most prevalent species H. canis (5.8%, 23/390) and H. canicola (5.1%, 20/390), followed by H. bilis (3.6%, 14/390) and 'H. winghamensis' (1.3%, 5/390).In contrast, PCR-DGGE method detected Helicobacter DNA in almost all (96%, 48/50) tested samples. On the other hand, the method used also allowed to isolate other Campylobacterales, in fact 44.3% (173/390) of the samples were positive for Campylobacter upsaliensis (43.3%, 169/390) followed by C. jejuni (2.0%, 8/390). Moreover, two strains that presented Campylobacter-like morphology were finally identified as Anaerobiospirillum succiniciproducens. Our results indicate that healthy domestic dogs commonly carry EHH and other Campylobacter species. However, further studies are needed to determine whether and how these Helicobacter and Campylobacter species can be transmitted to humans.

Food-derived cyanidin-3-O-glucoside reverses microplastic toxicity via promoting discharge and modulating the gut microbiota in mice

“…22,42 Increasing evidence shows that enterohepatic Helicobacter is closely associated with inflammatory bowel disease, acute gastroenteritis and hepatobiliary diseases. 34 Oscillospiraceae is an inflammation-related bacterium, 35 and Lachnoclostridium was found to be abundant in mice with ulcerative colitis compared to the healthy group, implying that Lachnoclostridium was involved in the development of ulcerative colitis. 43 That is to say, C3G intervention may alleviate PS exposure-induced inflammation by modulating the relative abundances of the gut bacteria.…”

“…For example, Helicobacter and Oscillospiraceae as well as dramatically increased Desulfovibrio have been reported to stimulate inflammation. 34–36…”

Virulence assessment of enterohepaticHelicobacterspecies carried by dogs using the wax moth larvaeGalleria mellonellaas infection model

“…Four EHH species (each represented by three strains), namely H. bilis, H. canicola, H. canis, and 'H. winghamensis,' isolated from dog's feces and phenotypically and phylogenetically characterized in a previous study conducted in the city of Valdivia (South of Chile), 19 were included in this study (Table 1). These strains stored at −80°C were grown on Columbia blood agar (CBA).…”

Helicobacter canis: A Review of Microbiological and Clinical Features

“…Surprisingly, the typical reservoir of this species is not fully understood as no epidemiologic studies have been performed ( van der Vusse et al, 2014 ). However, several studies identified H. canis as a dominant Helicobacter in the digestive system of both healthy and unhealthy dogs and cats ( Stanley et al, 1993 ; Fox et al, 1996 ; Foley et al, 1999 ; Shen et al, 2001 ; Ekman et al, 2013 ; Tabrizi and Atashi, 2015 ; Ochoa et al, 2021b ). Unlike other enterohepatic Helicobacter species, H. canis may induce an active host immune response as observed in an experimental model using the wax moth larvae Galleria mellonella ( Ochoa et al, 2021a ), supporting previous observations of infection in immunocompromised hosts.…”