Exploring the human hair follicle microbiome*

Lousada, Marta; Lachnit, Tim; Edelkamp, Janin; Rouillé, T.; Ajdić, Dragana; Uchida, Yoshikazu; Nardo, Anna Di; Bosch, Thomas C. G.; Paus, Ralf

doi:10.1111/bjd.19461

Cited by 75 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 197 publications

(310 reference statements)

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“…Both Porphyromonas and Prevotella are most prevalent organisms on mucosal surfaces, including in the oral cavity, colon and tongue [42]. Porphyromonas and Prevotella in the skin microbiome may contribute to the pathogenesis of HS through upregulation of antimicrobial peptide (AMP) secretion, which in turn increases keratinocyte proliferation and recruitment of macrophages and neutrophils [43]. Porphyromonas gingivalis is an oral periodontopathogen and is implicated in the pathogenesis of periodontitis.…”

Section: Relevance Of the Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Microbiome in Hidradenitis Suppurativa: A Review

Wark

Cains

2020

Dermatol Ther (Heidelb)

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Introduction: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic autoinflammatory skin disease. It is characterised by the development of abscesses and nodules in intertriginous anatomical sites. Whilst it is now recognised as an autoinflammatory condition rather than an infective disease, bacteria are implicated in disease pathogenesis. Methods: We performed a search of the literature from inception to 12 August 2020 using the search terms ''hidradenitis suppurativa'', ''Verneuil's disease'', ''acne inversa'', ''microbiome'', ''bacteriology'' and ''microbiology''. Studies were included if they assessed the cutaneous, gut or oral bacteria, bacteriology or microbiome in hidradenitis suppurativa. Results: Twenty-one studies examining the cutaneous microbiome and two studies examining the gastrointestinal microbiome in HS were identified. No studies examining the oral microbiome in HS were identified. A total of 972 patients and 46 healthy controls were included across studies examining the cutaneous microbiome. A total of 100 patients and 36 controls were included across both gut microbiome studies. Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus, anaerobes such as Porphyromonas and Prevotella, and Staphylococcus aureus species were commonly encountered organisms across the included cutaneous microbiome studies. The studies examining the gut microbiome were limited, with one small study demonstrating an alteration in the gut microbiome composition compared to controls. The other study found no alteration to the gut microbiome in patients with HS compared to those with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and HS, and IBD and/or psoriasis. Conclusion: Research should be undertaken into the oral microbiome in HS. Further research should be undertaken examining the cutaneous and gut microbiome in HS, and its relationship with documented co-morbidities. Additionally, metagenomics-focused studies may help identify the relationship between microorganisms and host, and this may shed light on new pathways of disease pathogenesis. This may help identify potential future therapeutic targets.

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Section: Relevance Of the Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Microbiome in Hidradenitis Suppurativa: A Review

Wark

Cains

2020

Dermatol Ther (Heidelb)

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“…A more decidedly microbiological focus in AA research is further supported by the potential therapeutic effect of fecal microbiota transplants (Rebello et al, 2017) and the currently discussed role of intestinal dysbiosis in AA (Borde and Å strand, 2018). Recent murine studies on the key role commensal microbes and the HF-derived chemokine production controlled by them in the recruitment of regulatory T cells into neonatal skin (Scharschmidt et al, 2017) and the demonstration that HF keratinocyte-derived cytokines maintain skin-resident innate lymphocyte subpopulations which subsequently modulate the skin microbiome by regulating sebocyte functions and sebum production (Kobayashi et al, 2019) encourage one only further to explore the as yet unknown role of the HF microbiome and its dysbiosis in human AA pathobiology (Polak-Witka et al, 2019;Lousada et al, 2020).…”

Section: Beyond the Cd8d T Cell Horizonmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Evolving Pathogenesis of Alopecia Areata: Major Open Questions

Paus

2020

Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings

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“…While it is accepted that the microbiome is a key modulator of host physiology, S1 it remains unknown whether the hair follicle (HF) microbiome affects human hair growth. 1,2 Both traditionally microbial-associated HF diseases, namely acne vulgaris and hidradenitis suppurativa, and hair loss diseases, such as alopecia areata, androgenic alopecia (AGA) and scarring alopecias, are associated with microbiome imbalance S2-S7 , and many are routinely treated with antibiotics. 2,S8 Therefore, it is clinically and biologically relevant to assess if these drugs impact human hair growth, through a microbiota-dependent mechanism.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Several antibiotics are associated with hair growth alterations. 2 For example, roxithromycin (RXM) promotes hair growth and antagonizes catagen in patients with AGA, presumably by inhibiting keratinocyte apoptosis. 3 While these hair effects could also derive from macrolide-iduced immunomodulations, S9 interestingly, in AGA the HF microbiome shows dysbiosis, characterized by an increased abundance of (RXM-susceptible) Cutibacterium acnes.…”

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confidence: 99%