Exploring the Effects of Signs’ Design and In-Vehicle Audio Warning on Driver Behavior at Flashing-Light-Controlled Grade Crossings: A Driving Simulator-Based Study

Yang, Jingsi; Yan, Xuedong; Xue, Qingwu; Li, Yongming; Duan, Ke; Hang, J; Li, Wanjun

doi:10.1155/2019/2497459

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The records’ titles, abstracts and keywords were studied in detail before being taken as research samples. If the content of an abstract was related to safety signs and individual safety, such as “the FLR warning system has a potential to reduce the probability of grade crossing collisions” [ 22 ], thus the record was retained. However, some articles had the term related to safety signs or warnings in their abstracts, but focused on other objects, for example, Wu et al’s research on carbon monoxide sources [ 23 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientometric Analysis of Safety Sign Research: 1990–2019

Gao

Luo

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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The purpose of this paper is to summarize the research themes and hotspots of safety signs research between 1990 and 2019 through the scientometric analysis method. In total, 3102 articles of literature from the Web of Science core database were analyzed by the CiteSpace visualization tool and the results were displayed in mapping knowledge domains. The overall characteristics analysis showed that safety sign is an emerging research field in a rapid development stage—81.4% of the literature works were published in the past ten years, and the United States was in the leading position, followed by China and Canada. The keyword co-occurrence analysis indicated that traffic signs and driving safety were the most popular research topics and have been combined with simulation technology in recent years, whereby individual mental health has been added as an influential factor. The journals and category co-citation analysis showed that the safety signs research involved many subjects, mainly engineering, transportation and public safety. The results indicated that the safety signs research is multi-disciplinary, and it will continue to develop in various scientific domains in the future. The conclusions can provide help and reference for potential readers, as well as help with the sustainable development of safety signs research.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientometric Analysis of Safety Sign Research: 1990–2019

Gao

Luo

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…The traditional countermeasures for regulating drivers’ behavior at grade crossings focus on the use of signs (Fambro et al, 1994; Yang et al, 2019), pavement markings (Gabree et al, 2014), and rumble strips (Hore-Lacy, 2008) on the approach road. While these approaches are important, they do not provide instant messages and are vulnerable to being ignored due to inattentional blindness (Costa et al, 2014) and failed understanding (Hore-Lacy, 2008; Jeng, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While these approaches are important, they do not provide instant messages and are vulnerable to being ignored due to inattentional blindness (Costa et al, 2014) and failed understanding (Hore-Lacy, 2008; Jeng, 2005). Recently, the use of the driver assistance system has been emerging and pioneering research has demonstrated its effectiveness at flashing-light-controlled grade crossings (Yang et al, 2019). Tey et al (2013) demonstrated that drivers were only 0.09 times as likely to violate a train warning at a crossing with in-vehicle audio warning.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of in-Vehicle Audio Warning on Drivers’ Eye-Movement and Behavior at Flashing Light-Controlled Grade Crossings

Yan

Yang

et al. 2022

Hum Factors

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Objective This study aims to evaluate the effect of in-vehicle audio warning at flashing-light-controlled grade crossings based on driving simulation and eye-tracking systems. Background Collisions at flashing-light-controlled grade crossings have severe consequences. In-vehicle audio warning has the potential to regulate driver behavior. However, whether this improvement occurs through priming drivers’ visual search patterns is not yet clear. Method Drivers’ visual activity and behaviors were recorded. The effect of a warning was tested with a series of flashing light trigger times (FLTTs) ranging from 2s to 6s with a 1s increment. Different driving conditions (i.e., clear and fog) and driver experience were considered in the experiment design. Results Warnings could guide the allocation of both overt and covert attention, as well as raise drivers’ situation awareness, manifesting as the enhanced perception of signs and better understanding of the flashing red light. Significant improvement in the stop-compliance rate was found in warning scenarios, particularly with a late FLTT. The decreased saccade duration and increased fixation duration on the signal implied a dilemma-zone effect when the FLTT was lower than 4s. Furthermore, reduced fixation duration on signs and signals was found in foggy conditions. Non-professional drivers had a wider search range than their counterparts. Conclusion In-vehicle audio warning is an effective countermeasure for improving crossing safety by optimizing visual search strategy. Application In-vehicle audio warnings warrant promotion at grade crossings based on the driver assistance system.

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“…A grade or level crossing is defined as an intersection between a roadway and a railway at the same elevation or grade (Liang et al , 2017; Yang et al , 2017; Michalík et al , 2019; Keramati et al , 2020; Zhou et al , 2020). Safety is a core issue in railway operation (Liang et al , 2017) and in terms of rail transport safety, grade crossings have created serious conflicts among rail and road transport (Yang et al , 2019; Havârneanu and Ma, 2020). They have some of the most complicated road safety concerns because of the amalgamation of road vehicles and rail infrastructure and the mixture of trains together with train services (Tey et al , 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety and risk analysis at railway crossings of north-south Addis Ababa light rail

Sekasi

Solihu

2021

SRT

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Purpose Railway-level crossings (RLCs) are the point of intersection between rail and road users and are therefore hotpots of road-rail user conflict and catastrophic collisions. The purpose of this study is to assess the risks associated with RLCs and suggest probable reduction measures. Through questionnaires and visual inspection, the authors identify the safety risks, hazards and hazardous events at some railway crossing of Addis Ababa light rail transit (AA-LRT) north-south (N-S) route. The identified risky events are then categorized based on As Low As Reasonably Practicable (ALARP) principle and generic risk ranking matrix. The authors then examine existing safety management measures at railway crossing and assess the need for additional safety management. Five major crossings on the 16.9 km (10.5 mi) N-S line, starting from Menelik II Square to Kality, were considered for the study. This study is carried out by data collection from about 145 stakeholders and the application of statistical data and risk analysis methods. The major findings of this study and the recommendations for improvement are suggested. Design/methodology/approach The research followed a case study approach. Through questionnaires and visual inspection, the authors identify the safety risks, hazards and hazardous events at some railway crossing of AA-LRT N-S route. The identified risky events are then categorized based on ALARP principle and generic risk ranking matrix. Collected data was then analyzed using SPSS to deduce relationships. Findings The study findings reveal human factors as the greatest cause of accidents, injury or death. About 22% of hazards identified by category are human factors, whereas 20% are because of technical problems. Intolerable risks stand at 42%, whereas the tolerable risks are at 36% according to risk classification results as per the ALARP model. Because the process of risk management is a long-term cycle, its importance should not be missed at any time. Research limitations/implications Because of design considerations of RLCs and the difference in generalized human behaviors for people of a given region, the results are limited to AA-LRT RLCs. This study opens a discourse for detailed evaluations, qualitative and quantitative analysis into the categorized identified hazards. There is also room for additional research into the performance of RLCs aimed at formulating standard necessary features that should be included on RLCs for proper risk control especially in emerging economies. Originality/value The research paper is original and has not been submitted for consideration to other journals.

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Exploring the Effects of Signs’ Design and In-Vehicle Audio Warning on Driver Behavior at Flashing-Light-Controlled Grade Crossings: A Driving Simulator-Based Study

Cited by 7 publications

References 47 publications

Scientometric Analysis of Safety Sign Research: 1990–2019

Scientometric Analysis of Safety Sign Research: 1990–2019

Influence of in-Vehicle Audio Warning on Drivers’ Eye-Movement and Behavior at Flashing Light-Controlled Grade Crossings

Safety and risk analysis at railway crossings of north-south Addis Ababa light rail

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