Exploring the charge transfer dynamics of hydrogen bonded crystals of 2-methyl-8-quinolinol and chloranilic acid: synthesis, spectrophotometric, single-crystal, DFT/PCM analysis, antimicrobial, and DNA binding studies
Abstract:The chemistry of the CT complex between donor 2-methyl-8-quinolinol (2 MQ) and acceptor chloranilic acid (CHLA) has been studied by using electronic absorption spectroscopy in acetonitrile, methanol, and ethanol at room temperature.
“…The charge migration probability is expressed by the oscillator strength ( f ), which is a dimensionless variable. We can bring out the f values from the spectrum of CT absorption and transition dipole moments (μ in Debye) of the donor–acceptor complex − were estimated from the subsequent relationswhere denotes the extinction coefficient of the CT-peak and denotes the width of the half CT-band at maximum absorption value.where is the half bandwidth (in cm –1 ), and ε max and are the extinction coefficient and wavenumber at the maximum absorption of the CT-band, respectively. The results have been presented in Table .…”
Section: Evaluation Of the Spectroscopic Physical
Parametersmentioning
UV–vis electronic
absorption spectroscopy was used to investigate
the new molecular charge transfer complex (CTC) interaction between
electron donor
O
-phenylenediamine (OPD) and electron
acceptor 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-
p
-benzoquinone
(DDQ). The CTC solution state analysis was carried out by two different
polarities. The stoichiometry of the prepared CTC was determined by
using Job’s, photometric, and conductometric titration methods
and was detemined to be 1:1 in both solvents (at 298 K). The formation
constant and molar extinction coefficient were determined by applying
the modified (1:1) Benesi–Hildebrand equation. The thermodynamic
parameter Δ
G
° result indicated that the
charge transfer reaction was spontaneous.The stability of the synthesized
CTC was evaluated by using different spectroscopic parameters like
the energy, ionization potential, oscillator strength, resonance energy,
dissociation energy, and transition dipole moment. The synthesized
solid CTC was characterized by using different analytical methods,
including elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared, nuclear
magnetic resonance, TGA-DTA, and powder X-ray diffraction. The biological
evolution of the charge transfer (CT) complex was studied by using
DNA binding and antibacterial analysis. The CT complex binding with
calf thymus DNA through an intercalative mode was observed from UV–vis
spectral study. The CT complex produced a good binding constant value
(6.0 × 10
5
L.mol
–1
). The antibacterial
activity of the CT complex shows notable activity compared to the
standard drug, tetracycline. These results reveal that the CT complex
may in future be used as a bioactive drug. The hypothetical DFT estimations
of the CT complex supported the experimental studies.
“…The charge migration probability is expressed by the oscillator strength ( f ), which is a dimensionless variable. We can bring out the f values from the spectrum of CT absorption and transition dipole moments (μ in Debye) of the donor–acceptor complex − were estimated from the subsequent relationswhere denotes the extinction coefficient of the CT-peak and denotes the width of the half CT-band at maximum absorption value.where is the half bandwidth (in cm –1 ), and ε max and are the extinction coefficient and wavenumber at the maximum absorption of the CT-band, respectively. The results have been presented in Table .…”
Section: Evaluation Of the Spectroscopic Physical
Parametersmentioning
UV–vis electronic
absorption spectroscopy was used to investigate
the new molecular charge transfer complex (CTC) interaction between
electron donor
O
-phenylenediamine (OPD) and electron
acceptor 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-
p
-benzoquinone
(DDQ). The CTC solution state analysis was carried out by two different
polarities. The stoichiometry of the prepared CTC was determined by
using Job’s, photometric, and conductometric titration methods
and was detemined to be 1:1 in both solvents (at 298 K). The formation
constant and molar extinction coefficient were determined by applying
the modified (1:1) Benesi–Hildebrand equation. The thermodynamic
parameter Δ
G
° result indicated that the
charge transfer reaction was spontaneous.The stability of the synthesized
CTC was evaluated by using different spectroscopic parameters like
the energy, ionization potential, oscillator strength, resonance energy,
dissociation energy, and transition dipole moment. The synthesized
solid CTC was characterized by using different analytical methods,
including elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared, nuclear
magnetic resonance, TGA-DTA, and powder X-ray diffraction. The biological
evolution of the charge transfer (CT) complex was studied by using
DNA binding and antibacterial analysis. The CT complex binding with
calf thymus DNA through an intercalative mode was observed from UV–vis
spectral study. The CT complex produced a good binding constant value
(6.0 × 10
5
L.mol
–1
). The antibacterial
activity of the CT complex shows notable activity compared to the
standard drug, tetracycline. These results reveal that the CT complex
may in future be used as a bioactive drug. The hypothetical DFT estimations
of the CT complex supported the experimental studies.
“…The strength and directionality of hydrogen bonding can be controlled using appropriate molecular design and chemical modification strategies. − Recently, much attention has been given to understanding the role played by hydrogen-bonding interactions in electron transfer in biological systems and to developing new strategies for the design of materials in which efficient electron transfer takes place. In this context, proton–electron cooperation in hydrogen-bonded charge-transfer (CT) complexes has attracted theoretical and experimental interest. − The unusually colored quinhydrone complex A , composed of para -hydroquinone and para -benzoquinone, is an example of a system of this type, − in which polarization of the hydrogen-bonding interaction has a cooperative effect on CT-type π–π interactions.…”
A dyad
comprised of a derivative of anthranol with an improved
electron-donating ability and a derivative of acridine having an improved
electron-accepting ability was prepared using a palladium-catalyzed
C–H arylation process. The dyad assembles to form two crystal
polymorphs, one with a color close to that of the dyad in solution
and the other with a completely different color. The polymorphs are
comprised of hydrogen-bonded chain aggregates that have different
hydrogen-bonding motifs. Structural and spectroscopic analyses showed
that the unusually colored crystals possess a stronger intermolecular
hydrogen bond. In addition, this crystal displays a charge-transfer
(CT) absorption band, corresponding to one-electron transfer from
the anthranol unit to the acridine unit, that is red-shifted and enhanced
relative to those of the other crystal and the dyad in solution. The
combined theoretical and experimental results suggest that hydrogen-bonding
and charge-transfer interactions take place synergistically in the
unusually colored crystals.
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