Exploring the cause of PM2.5 pollution episodes in a cold metropolis in China

Sun, Xiazhong; Wang, Kun; Li, Bo; Zong, Zheng; Shi, Xiaofei; Ma, Lixin; Fu, Donglei; Thapa, Samit; Qi, Hong; Tian, Chongguo

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.120275

Cited by 29 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The secondary inorganic aerosols (SIA, including SO 4 2− , NO 3 − and NH 4 + ), with a mean of 27.6 ± 5.2 µg/m 3 , constituted the second largest portion (18.8%) of the total PM 2.5 mass. This percentage was lower than some reported values in Beijing (28%) [ 8 ], Tianjin (34.1%) [ 36 ], and Guangzhou (48.5%) [ 55 ], but similar to or even higher than those in some other studies conducted in wintertime Beijing (12.0% in [ 10 ] and 20.5% in [ 55 ]), Harbin (13.7%) [ 56 ], and Changchun (18.7%) [ 31 ]. We suggest that the relatively low SIA/PM 2.5 mass ratios in this study might indicate that the low temperatures in such cold regions have suppressed secondary inorganic formation in winter.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 56%

Chemical Composition and Source Apportionment of Wintertime Airborne PM2.5 in Changchun, Northeastern China

Zhang

Tong

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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This study presents field observations and laboratory analyses of wintertime airborne particulate matter (PM2.5) and its chemical components in the Changchun metropolitan area, the geographical center of northeastern China. Twenty-four hour PM2.5 filter samples were collected from 23 December 2011 to 31 January 2012 at four sites in the types of traffic, residential, campus, and a near-city rural village, respectively. Daily PM2.5 concentrations ranged from 49 to 466 µg m−3, with an arithmetic average of 143 µg m−3. Laboratory analyses showed that among all measured chemical species, mineral dust contributed the largest proportion (20.7%) to the total PM2.5 mass, followed by secondary inorganic aerosols (SIA, including SO42−, NO3− and NH4+), which constituted 18.8% of PM2.5 mass. Another notable feature of PM2.5 chemical composition was high halogen (Cl− and F−) loadings at all sites, which was likely due to emissions from coal combustion, plastic manufacturing, and glass melting. Among the four sampling sites, the suburban site exhibited the highest PM2.5 levels and extremely high Cl− and F− loadings due to residential wood burning and nearby industrial facilities lacking effective emission controls. Our results report one of the earliest observations of PM2.5 composition in this region, providing a baseline of aerosol profiles of aerosol before PM2.5 was routinely measured by environmental protection agencies in China, which could be useful for assessing long-term trends of air quality and effectiveness of mitigation measures.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 56%

Chemical Composition and Source Apportionment of Wintertime Airborne PM2.5 in Changchun, Northeastern China

Zhang

Tong

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…Coal combustion in non-heating season basically emits equal NO x emissions with other sources, only with few high values were observed (Fig. 6b), the contribution in this period can be most likely attribute to power plants emissions (Sun et al, 2020;Fan et al, 2019). Shown as Fig.…”

Section: Nox Sources Apportionmentmentioning

confidence: 90%

The importance of coal combustion and heterogeneous reaction for atmospheric nitrate pollution in a cold metropolis in China: Insights from isotope fractionation and Bayesian mixing model

Sun

Zong

Wang

et al. 2020

Atmospheric Environment

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“…The synoptic pattern has a noticeable impact at the microscale level, with high-pressure systems being an example. They are linked to low wind speed, quite limited expansion of the boundary layer, and a reinforced inversion layer, which thereby increases pollutant concentration [ 24 ].…”

Section: Macroscalementioning

confidence: 99%

Key Points in Air Pollution Meteorology

Pérez

García

Sánchez

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Although emissions have a direct impact on air pollution, meteorological processes may influence inmission concentration, with the only way to control air pollution being through the rates emitted. This paper presents the close relationship between air pollution and meteorology following the scales of atmospheric motion. In macroscale, this review focuses on the synoptic pattern, since certain weather types are related to pollution episodes, with the determination of these weather types being the key point of these studies. The contrasting contribution of cold fronts is also presented, whilst mathematical models are seen to increase the analysis possibilities of pollution transport. In mesoscale, land–sea and mountain–valley breezes may reinforce certain pollution episodes, and recirculation processes are sometimes favoured by orographic features. The urban heat island is also considered, since the formation of mesovortices determines the entry of pollutants into the city. At the microscale, the influence of the boundary layer height and its evolution are evaluated; in particular, the contribution of the low-level jet to pollutant transport and dispersion. Local meteorological variables have a major influence on calculations with the Gaussian plume model, whilst some eddies are features exclusive to urban environments. Finally, the impact of air pollution on meteorology is briefly commented on.

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Exploring the cause of PM2.5 pollution episodes in a cold metropolis in China

Cited by 29 publications

References 51 publications

Chemical Composition and Source Apportionment of Wintertime Airborne PM2.5 in Changchun, Northeastern China

Chemical Composition and Source Apportionment of Wintertime Airborne PM2.5 in Changchun, Northeastern China

The importance of coal combustion and heterogeneous reaction for atmospheric nitrate pollution in a cold metropolis in China: Insights from isotope fractionation and Bayesian mixing model

Key Points in Air Pollution Meteorology

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