Exploring the Biocompatibility of Zwitterionic Copolymers for Controlling Macrophage Phagocytosis of Bacteria

Abstract

This paper provides a biomaterial derived from zwitterionic polymer for controlling macrophage phagocytosis of bacteria. A series of zwitterionic copolymers, named DMAPS-co-AA, are synthesized with 3-dimethyl (methacryloyloxyethyl) ammonium propane sulfonate (DMAPS) and acrylic acid (AA). The biocompatibility of DMAPS-co-AA copolymers can be adjusted by adjusting the DMAPS-content or pH value. As the DMAPS-content increases, the biocompatibility of zwitterionic copolymer increases. The zwitterionic copolymers with DMAPS content above 30 wt% have higher biocompatibility. Moreover, the biocompatibility also increases significantly as the pH increases from 3.4 to 7.2. By adjusting the pH above 5.8, the zwitterionic copolymer with lower DMAPS-content also shows higher biocompatibility. Importantly, after incubation with the DMAPS-co-AA copolymer solutions at different pH values, phagocytosis behavior of macrophage RAW264.7 cells can also be adjusted. The phagocytosis of bacteria is enhanced at pH = 7.2. Thus, it is proposed that zwitterionic copolymers can be used for controlling phagocytosis of bacteria.

Zwitterionic Sulfobetaine Hydrogel Electrolyte Building Separated Positive/Negative Ion Migration Channels for Aqueous Zn‐MnO2 Batteries with Superior Rate Capabilities

“…[ 8,9 ] The polyzwitterions have attracted considerable interest as potential biocompatible materials. [ 10,11 ] Owing to their high hydration ability and neutral surface charge considering the zwitterionic structure, sulfobetaine polymers exhibit high resistances to nonspecific protein adsorptions. [ 12 ] The anionic and cationic counterions on zwitterionic chains can be easily separated under an external electric field.…”

Development and In Vitro Biodegradation of Biomimetic Zwitterionic Phosphorylcholine Chitosan Coating on Zn1Mg Alloy

“…Highly biocompatible materials can be used to camouflage the implants to attenuate inflammatory and foreign body responses, i.e., zwitterionic polymers. 31 The cell membrane is the most ideal biocompatible material, which is mainly composed of phospholipids. Phosphorylcholine (PC), as a hydrophilic polar head of phospholipids, is a zwitterionic group consisting of a negatively charged phosphate group and a positively charged choline quaternary amine group, which is overall electrically neutral under physiological conditions.…”

“…Highly biocompatible materials can be used to camouflage the implants to attenuate inflammatory and foreign body responses, i.e., zwitterionic polymers . The cell membrane is the most ideal biocompatible material, which is mainly composed of phospholipids.…”