Exploring Tessellation Metaphors in the Display of Geographical Uncertainty

Kardos, Julian; Moore, Antoni; Benwell, George L.

doi:10.1007/978-3-540-70970-1_6

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(62 reference statements)

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“…Similar to the work we present here, a number of studies by Kardos and colleagues evaluate a technique called 'trustree' that depicts uncertainty in census maps by varying the level of detail locally (Kardos et al 2007;Kardos et al 2008). They found that the visual metaphor of 'detail', i.e., a coarser grid in uncertain areas is more usable than a metaphor of 'clutter' that represents uncertain areas with a finer grid.…”

Section: Related Worksupporting

confidence: 52%

Evaluation of noise annotation lines: using noise to represent thematic uncertainty in maps

Kinkeldey

Mason

Klippel

et al. 2014

Cartography and Geographic Information Science

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Noise annotation lines are a promising technique to visualize thematic uncertainty in maps. However, their potential has not yet been evaluated in user studies. In two experiments we assessed the usability of this technique with respect to a different number of uncertainty levels as well as the influence of two design aspects of noise annotation lines: the grain and the width of the noise grid. We conducted a web-based study utilizing a qualitative comparison of two areas in 150 different maps. We recruited participants from Amazon Mechanical Turk with the majority being nonexperts with respect to the use of maps.Our findings suggest that for qualitative comparisons of 'constant uncertainty' (i.e., constant uncertainty per area) in thematic maps, noise annotation lines can be used for up to 6 uncertainty levels. During comparison of 4, 6, and 8 levels, the different designs of the technique yielded significantly different accuracies. We propose to use the 'large noise width, coarse grain' design that was most successful. For 'mixed uncertainty' (i.e., uncertainty is not constant per area) we observed a significant decrease in accuracy, but for 4 levels the technique can still be recommended.This article is a follow-up to our conference paper reporting on preliminary results of the first of the two experiments (Kinkeldey et al. 2013).

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Section: Related Worksupporting

confidence: 52%

Evaluation of noise annotation lines: using noise to represent thematic uncertainty in maps

Kinkeldey

Mason

Klippel

et al. 2014

Cartography and Geographic Information Science

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“…Expertise is described in many ways that are usually not directly comparable across studies, e.g. experience in using geographic information (Gerharz and Pebesma, 2009;Kardos et al, 2008), experience with the concept of uncertainty and its visualisation (Kardos et al, 2008;Kinkeldey et al, 2014), experience in maps and mapping (Evans, 1997, MacEachren et al, 2012, training or knowledge in the application domain (Aerts et al, 2003;Kolbeinsson, 2013;Kunz et al, 2011;Senaratne et al, 2012) or computer literacy more generally (Newman and Lee, 2004). Self-assessment was often used to determine the subjects' expertise, especially when participants were recruited via the web (Aerts et al, 2003;Kinkeldey et al, 2014;Senaratne et al, 2012).…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How to Assess Visual Communication of Uncertainty? A Systematic Review of Geospatial Uncertainty Visualisation User Studies

Kinkeldey

MacEachren

Schiewe

2014

The Cartographic Journal

153

115

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For decades, uncertainty visualisation has attracted attention in disciplines such as cartography and geographic visualisation, scientific visualisation and information visualisation. Most of this research deals with the development of new approaches to depict uncertainty visually; only a small part is concerned with empirical evaluation of such techniques. This systematic review aims to summarize past user studies and describe their characteristics and findings, focusing on the field of geographic visualisation and cartography and thus on displays containing geospatial uncertainty. From a discussion of the main findings, we derive lessons learned and recommendations for future evaluation in the field of uncertainty visualisation. We highlight the importance of user tasks for successful solutions and recommend moving towards task-centered typologies to support systematic evaluation in the field of uncertainty visualisation.

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“…For example, altering the spacing and size of repeated point and/or line symbols adds visual complexity to a surface in the form of a texture. Such provision of detail can act as a visual metaphor for uncertainty (where more detail means more certainty -Kardos, Moore, and Benwell 2008). The colour-based variables can represent qualitative attributes, such as hue being used to distinguish one project from another (though terrain does a good job of this).…”

Section: Extending Spatial Expression With Cartographic Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

‘Mountains of work’: spatialization of work projects in a virtual geographic environment

Moore

Bricker

2015

Annals of GIS

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The challenge of successfully managing multiple work projects is a highly complex one, requiring advanced time management amongst other skills. This research proposes spatialization -making non-spatial phenomena spatial -as a novel alternative to the many digital and analogue tools that help people manage project time. A virtual geographic environment (VGE) demonstration prototype spatialization built in the OpenSimulator online virtual environment is presented here. A landscape visual metaphor is employed, through which 3D terrain depicts project areas as proportional to project duration, and 'hills' in the landscape are sized according to project difficulty. Progress on the project is assumed to be marked from the boundary to the project finish, which is the 'summit' of the zone. There are explicit path objects in the VGE to reinforce this, as well as a beacon object at the summit. Advantages include visualization of all of a user's projects at once, though there is the loss of a unified time structure, since each project has its own time-space. The avatar-driven exploration that VGEs can afford enhances the potential positive cognitive involvement of the user. Also, the online VGE offers opportunities for virtual project meetings in the spatialized environment. Issues to be addressed in future include increasing the within-project complexity in the spatialization, adding semantic meaning to the placement of projects in the VGE and using cartographic (colour and texture) and terrain (smoothness for uncertainty) variables to depict other project attributes.

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Exploring Tessellation Metaphors in the Display of Geographical Uncertainty

Cited by 3 publications

References 46 publications

Evaluation of noise annotation lines: using noise to represent thematic uncertainty in maps

Evaluation of noise annotation lines: using noise to represent thematic uncertainty in maps

How to Assess Visual Communication of Uncertainty? A Systematic Review of Geospatial Uncertainty Visualisation User Studies

‘Mountains of work’: spatialization of work projects in a virtual geographic environment

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