Exploring Drugs and Vaccines Associated with Altered Risks and Severity of COVID-19: A UK Biobank Cohort Study of All ATC Level-4 Drug Categories Reveals Repositioning Opportunities

Xiang, Yong; Wong, Carlos K. H.; So, Hon‐Cheong

doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics13091514

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…Of the 92 full-text articles identified, 58 were excluded because they did not meet the inclusion criteria, and two others were obtained from the references. The remaining 36 articles reported on 55,996,841 subjects outcomes were included in this analysis [21–56] . None of the participants had received COVID-19 vaccination during the study period.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between influenza vaccination and SARS-CoV-2 infection and its outcomes: systematic review and meta-analysis

Jiang

Huang

Jia

et al. 2022

Chinese Medical Journal

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Background: World Health Organization recommends that influenza vaccines should benefit as much of the population as possible, especially where resources are limited. Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become one of the greatest threats to health systems worldwide. The present study aimed to extend the evidence of the association between influenza vaccination and COVID-19 to promote the former. Methods: In this systematic review, four electronic databases, including the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science, were searched for related studies published up to May 2022. All odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled by meta-analysis. Results: A total of 36 studies, encompassing 55,996,841 subjects, were included in this study. The meta-analysis for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection provided an OR of 0.80 (95% CI: 0.73-0.87). The statistically significant estimates for clinical outcomes were 0.83 (95% CI: 0.72-0.96) for intensive care unit admission, 0.69 (95% CI: 0.57-0.84) for ventilator support, and 0.69 (95% CI: 0.52-0.93) for fatal infection, while no effect seen in hospitalization with an OR of 0.87 (95% CI: 0.68-1.10). Conclusion: Influenza vaccination helps limit SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe outcomes, but further studies are needed. Registration: PROSPERO, CRD42022333747.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between influenza vaccination and SARS-CoV-2 infection and its outcomes: systematic review and meta-analysis

Jiang

Huang

Jia

et al. 2022

Chinese Medical Journal

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“…Data were abstracted by four authors (WS, HM, ZG, and QC) from 34 studies, ( Abu-Jamous et al, 2020 ; Alamdari et al, 2020 ; Giacomelli et al, 2020 ; Lodigiani et al, 2020 ; Russo et al, 2020 ; Sahai et al, 2020 ; Tremblay et al, 2020 ; Chow et al, 2021a ; Chow et al, 2021b ; Connors et al, 2021 ; Fröhlich et al, 2021 ; Haji Aghajani et al, 2021 ; Ho et al, 2021 ; Kim et al, 2021 ; Liu et al, 2021 ; Meizlish et al, 2021 ; Merzon et al, 2021 ; Mura et al, 2021 ; Osborne et al, 2021 ; Pan et al, 2021 ; Sisinni et al, 2021 ; Son et al, 2021 ; Xiang et al, 2021 ; Yuan et al, 2021 ; Zhao et al, 2021 ; Zhou et al, 2021 ; Al Harthi et al, 2022 ; Santoro et al, 2022a ; Chow et al, 2022 ; Formiga et al, 2022 ; Gogtay et al, 2022 ; RECOVERY Collaborative GroupAbbas et al, 2022 ; REMAP-CAP Writing Committee for the REMAP-CAP InvestigatorsBradbury et al, 2022 ; Sullerot et al, 2022 ), including three randomized controlled trials, ( Connors et al, 2021 ; RECOVERY Collaborative GroupAbbas et al, 2022 ; REMAP-CAP Writing Committee for the REMAP-CAP InvestigatorsBradbury et al, 2022 ), 27 retrospective studies, ( Abu-Jamous et al, 2020 ; Alamdari et al, 2020 ; Lodigiani et al, 2020 ; Russo et al, 2020 ; Sahai et al, 2020 ; Tremblay et al, 2020 ; Chow et al, 2021a ; Chow et al, 2021b ; Fröhlich et al, 2021 ; Haji Aghajani et al, 2021 ; Ho et al, 2021 ; Kim et al, 2021 ; Liu et al, 2021 ; Meizlish et al, 2021 ; Merzon et al, 2021 ; ...…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between the use of aspirin or other antiplatelet drugs and all-cause mortality among patients with COVID-19: A meta-analysis

Guo

et al. 2022

Front. Pharmacol.

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Introduction: Whether aspirin or other antiplatelet drugs can reduce mortality among patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) remains controversial.Methods: We identified randomized controlled trials, prospective cohort studies, and retrospective studies on associations between aspirin or other antiplatelet drug use and all-cause mortality among patients with COVID-19 in the PubMed database between March 2019 and September 2021. Newcastle–Ottawa Scale and Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment Tool were used to assess the risk of bias. The I2 statistic was used to assess inconsistency among trial results. The summary risk ratio (RR) and odds ratio (OR) were obtained through the meta-analysis.Results: The 34 included studies comprised three randomized controlled trials, 27 retrospective studies, and 4 prospective cohort studies. The retrospective and prospective cohort studies showed low-to-moderate risks of bias per the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale score, while the randomized controlled trials showed low-to-high risks of bias per the Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment Tool. The randomized controlled trials showed no significant effect of aspirin use on all-cause mortality in patients with COVID-19 {risk ratio (RR), 0.96 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.90–1.03]}. In retrospective studies, aspirin reduced all-cause mortality in patients with COVID-19 by 20% [odds ratio (OR), 0.80 (95% CI 0.70–0.93)], while other antiplatelet drugs had no significant effects. In prospective cohort studies, aspirin decreased all-cause mortality in patients with COVID-19 by 15% [OR, 0.85 (95% CI 0.80–0.90)].Conclusion: The administration of aspirin may reduce all-cause mortality in patients with COVID-19.

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“…For instance, Almario et al [ 16 ] reported an increase in the likelihood of developing COVID-19 infection after PPI administration. In contrast, Xiang Y et al [ 17 ] concluded that PPI decrease the susceptibility to COVID-19. Furthermore, Ramchandran et al [ 18 ] observed increased mortality with PPI usage whereas Fan X [ 19 ] did not find an association between PPI and mortality due to COVID-19 infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors and COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2022

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COVID-19 has proved to be a serious, and consequential disease that has affected millions of people globally. Previously, the adverse effects of proton pump inhibitors (PPI) have been observed with increasing the risk of pneumonia and COVID-19. This meta-analysis aims to address the relationship between the use of PPI and the severity of COVID-19 infection. We conducted a systemic literature search from PUBMED, Science Direct, and Cinahl from December 2019 to January 2022. Published and unpublished randomized control trials and cohort studies were included. Review Manager was used for all statistical analyses. In total, 14 studies were included in this systemic review and meta-analysis. Outcomes of interest include: (1) susceptibility of COVID-19 infection and (2) severity of COVID-19 (defined as the composite of poor outcomes: ICU admission, need for oxygen therapy, need for a ventilator, or death), and (3) mortality due to COVID-19. PPI use was marginally associated with a nominal but statistically significant increase in the risk of COVID-19 infection (OR 1.05 [1.01, 1.09]; I2 97%, p = 0.007). PPI use also increased the risk of the composite poor outcome (OR 1.84 [1.71, 1.99]; I2 98%, p < 0.00001) and mortality (OR 1.12 [1.00, 1.25]; I2 84%, p = 0.05) in patients with COVID-19.

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Exploring Drugs and Vaccines Associated with Altered Risks and Severity of COVID-19: A UK Biobank Cohort Study of All ATC Level-4 Drug Categories Reveals Repositioning Opportunities

Cited by 17 publications

References 101 publications

Association between influenza vaccination and SARS-CoV-2 infection and its outcomes: systematic review and meta-analysis

Association between influenza vaccination and SARS-CoV-2 infection and its outcomes: systematic review and meta-analysis

Associations between the use of aspirin or other antiplatelet drugs and all-cause mortality among patients with COVID-19: A meta-analysis

The Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors and COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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