Exploring biomarkers of processing speed and executive function: The role of the anterior thalamic radiations

Ferris, Jennifer K.; Greeley, Brian; Yeganeh, Negin Motamed; Rinat, Shie; Ramı́rez, Joel; Black, Sandra E.; Boyd, Lara A.

doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2022.103174

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…Measures of TMT completion time are sensitive to the presence of various neurological disorders and can indicate whether both processing speed and cognitive flexibility are impaired in this population [ 29 ]. These results are in agreement with those obtained by [ 30 ], who suggested that slowed processing speed is the contributing factor to TMT performance differences.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Influence of Age, Gender and Education Level on Executive Functions and Functioning in People with Stroke

Sánchez-Herrera-Baeza

Cano‐de‐la‐Cuerda

Serrada-Tejeda

et al. 2023

Biomedicines

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Background: Alterations in mental functions are among the most frequent manifestations of stroke that have a direct impact on the patient’s functionality. The objective of this study was to analyze the relationship of sociodemographic variables with the executive functions (EFs) of participants with right middle cerebral artery (MCA) stroke. Methods: A cross-sectional observational case-control study was conducted at the State Center for Brain Damage in Madrid, Spain. Fifty-eight subjects were recruited and divided into two groups. Each participant was administered the following: the FIM+FAM Functional Assessment Measure, the Lawton and Brody scale, The Trail-Making Test, the Zoo Map Test and the Hanoi Tower. Results: Statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) were identified between participants with ischemic stroke and control in functional and EF functions, as well as between participants with hemorrhagic stroke and control. No statistically significant differences were found in the experimental group between subjects who had sustained ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. No significant associations were identified between the variables age, gender and education level in relation to functionality and executive functions (p > 0.05) in people with stroke. Conclusion: People who have suffered a right cerebral artery stroke have deficiencies in the EFS, resulting in poorer performance of the activity of daily living, compared to healthy subjects of the same age, gender and education level. In the correlational analysis of the stroke participants, no significant associations were identified between the variables gender, age and education level in relation to functionality and EF.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Influence of Age, Gender and Education Level on Executive Functions and Functioning in People with Stroke

Sánchez-Herrera-Baeza

Cano‐de‐la‐Cuerda

Serrada-Tejeda

et al. 2023

Biomedicines

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“…The role of WMH volume in populations with other primary neurological disorders, such as dementia or post‐stroke aphasia, is less well characterised. In line with a handful of studies investigating other domains of cognition after stroke (Ferris et al, 2022 ; Röhrig et al, 2022 ), we failed to observe an association between premorbid WMH volume and stroke outcomes. Conversely, several larger studies reported significant associations between WMH volume and cognition after stroke (Clancy et al, 2022 ; Hawe et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

The volume and the distribution of premorbid white matter hyperintensities: Impact on post‐stroke aphasia

Vadinova,

Sihvonen,

Wee

et al. 2024

Human Brain Mapping

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White matter hyperintensities (WMH) are a radiological manifestation of progressive white matter integrity loss. The total volume and distribution of WMH within the corpus callosum have been associated with pathological cognitive ageing processes but have not been considered in relation to post‐stroke aphasia outcomes. We investigated the contribution of both the total volume of WMH, and the extent of WMH lesion load in the corpus callosum to the recovery of language after first‐ever stroke. Behavioural and neuroimaging data from individuals (N = 37) with a left‐hemisphere stroke were included at the early subacute stage of recovery. Spoken language comprehension and production abilities were assessed using word and sentence‐level tasks. Neuroimaging data was used to derive stroke lesion variables (volume and lesion load to language critical regions) and WMH variables (WMH volume and lesion load to three callosal segments). WMH volume did not predict variance in language measures, when considered together with stroke lesion and demographic variables. However, WMH lesion load in the forceps minor segment of the corpus callosum explained variance in early subacute comprehension abilities (t = −2.59, p = .01) together with corrected stroke lesion volume and socio‐demographic variables. Premorbid WMH lesions in the forceps minor were negatively associated with early subacute language comprehension after aphasic stroke. This negative impact of callosal WMH on language is consistent with converging evidence from pathological ageing suggesting that callosal WMH disrupt the neural networks supporting a range of cognitive functions.

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“…(Andersson et al ., 2007) To improve non-linear registration, we performed enantiomorphic normalization of the stroke lesion-by filling the stroke lesion with a copy of intact cerebral tissue from the opposite cerebral hemisphere. (Nachev et al ., 2008; Ferris et al ., 2022) WMH masks were incorporated as a cost-function mask, down-weighting their influence on non-linear registration. (Ferris et al ., 2022) Stroke lesion masks were transformed to atlas space and overlaid onto CST derived from the JHU white matter atlas.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Nachev et al ., 2008; Ferris et al ., 2022) WMH masks were incorporated as a cost-function mask, down-weighting their influence on non-linear registration. (Ferris et al ., 2022) Stroke lesion masks were transformed to atlas space and overlaid onto CST derived from the JHU white matter atlas. Weighted CST-LL was calculated as a sum of the cross-sectional area of overlap between the stroke lesion and the CST, weighted by the maximum cross-sectional area of the CST.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

White matter hyperintensities modify relationships between corticospinal tract damage and motor outcomes after stroke

Ferris,

Lo,

Barisano

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Motor outcomes after stroke relate to corticospinal tract (CST) damage. Concurrent damage from white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) might impact neurological capacity for recovery after CST injury. Here, we evaluated if WMHs modulate the relationship between CST damage and post-stroke motor impairment outcome.We included 223 individuals from the ENIGMA Stroke Recovery Working Group. CST damage was indexed with weighted CST lesion load (CST-LL). Mixed effects beta-regression models were fit to test the impact of CST-LL, WMH volume, and their interaction on motor impairment.WMH volume related to motor impairment above and beyond CST-LL (β = 0.178, p = 0.022). We tested if relationships varied by WMH severity (mild vs. moderate-severe). In individuals with mild WMHs, motor impairment related to CST-LL (β = 0.888, p < 0.001) with a CST-LL x WMH interaction (β = -0.211, 0.026). In individuals with moderate-severe WMHs, motor impairment related to WMH volume (β = 0.299, p = 0.044), but did not significantly relate to CST-LL or a CST-LL x WMH interaction.WMH-related damage may be under-recognised in stroke research as a factor contributing to variability in motor outcomes. Our findings emphasize the importance of brain structural reserve in motor outcomes after brain injury.

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Exploring biomarkers of processing speed and executive function: The role of the anterior thalamic radiations

Cited by 10 publications

References 71 publications

Influence of Age, Gender and Education Level on Executive Functions and Functioning in People with Stroke

Influence of Age, Gender and Education Level on Executive Functions and Functioning in People with Stroke

The volume and the distribution of premorbid white matter hyperintensities: Impact on post‐stroke aphasia

White matter hyperintensities modify relationships between corticospinal tract damage and motor outcomes after stroke

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