Exploring barriers to and facilitators of preventive measures against infectious diseases among Australian Hajj pilgrims: cross-sectional studies before and after Hajj

Alqahtani, Amani S.; Wiley, Kerrie; Tashani, Mohamed; Willaby, Harold W.; Heywood, Anita E.; BinDhim, Nasser F; Booy, Robert; Rashid, Harunor

doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2016.02.005

Cited by 59 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(49 reference statements)

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“…in one study carried out on 356 Australian Hajj pilgrims have shown that vaccination rate against influenza before traveling was 80%. [29]…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…reported that the uptake of seasonal influenza vaccine in different studies ranged from 0.7% to 100% with the highest coverage rate in the elderly pilgrims and those with preexisting comorbidities. [29] In a study by Razavi et al . on 32,370 Iranian pilgrims, a total of 3465 pilgrims (10.7%) were vaccinated against influenza before departure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[29] The Saudi Thoracic Society recommended that all children smaller than 5 years old, people elder than 50 years old, and adults who have specific risk factors and are elder than 6 years old should be vaccinated against pneumococcal infections. [39]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[42] This author, in another study, has stated that the rate of pertussis vaccine use among Australian Hajj Pilgrims was 30%. [29]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vaccination in Hajj: An overview of the recent findings

2016

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Background:About two million people annually travel to Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to perform Hajj. The pilgrims may be at risk of exposure to communicable diseases in this mass gathering and their vaccination against contagious diseases can prevent many morbidities and mortalities. The aim of our study was to review the papers which evaluated effectiveness and compliance of the vaccines applied in Hajj.Methods:We used PubMed and Scopus to search international medical databases. The key words were as follows: Hajj, Haj, vaccine, vaccination, and immunization. The time interval of the search was from the beginning of 2010 to May 23, 2016. One hundred and thirty papers were extracted, and their contents were subsequently reviewed after title and abstract screenings. The original articles were included in the study and non-English articles were excluded from the study.Results:Considering the extracted papers, almost all pilgrims were vaccinated against meningococcal diseases. Using of influenza and pneumococcal vaccine rates were different among the pilgrims. The other vaccines have been taking according to specific conditions.Conclusions:The findings regarding influenza vaccine effectiveness are contradictory. A few studies confirmed the flu vaccine effectiveness while some others rejected its usefulness. Meningococcal immunization is an effective preventive tool with high compliance for Hajj pilgrims. Further investigations are recommended for the other vaccines.

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“…in one study carried out on 356 Australian Hajj pilgrims have shown that vaccination rate against influenza before traveling was 80%. [29]…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[42] This author, in another study, has stated that the rate of pertussis vaccine use among Australian Hajj Pilgrims was 30%. [29]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Vaccination in Hajj: An overview of the recent findings

2016

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show abstract

“…In the present study, environmental risks threatening the health of participants in MGs included weather risks such as cold, environmental heat,[1215161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142] precipitation,[12] higher humidity,[121520313842] long distance of gatherings and austere environment,[18] mobility of population,[3142] gatherings in outside (external) and unbounded venues,[32] MGs exposed to traffic accidents,[19] the participants’ number and crowd density,[15182028293139] insect bites, and sunburns. [40]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%