Exploration of mechanical and durability characteristics of fly ash-GGBFS based green geopolymer concrete

Abstract

In this paper, the use and effect of Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBFS) addition to fly ash (FA) on the performance of Geopolymer Concrete was presented. A reference of Ordinary Portland cement concrete (OPC) mix was used to compare with geopolymer concrete. The effect of different proportions of GGBFS addition, ambient curing, and curing age on the properties of geopolymer concrete was reported. The concentration of sodium hydroxide solution with 8 M and solution to binder ratio as 0.4 were taken for all the mixes of geopolymer concrete. This paper reported an investigation data on the mechanical and durability characteristics of fly ash-GGBFS based geopolymer concrete and that data was compared with the control mix (OPC). SEM analysis was done on selected samples to estimate the microstructural characteristics. The results concluded that a geopolymer concrete mix containing 60% GGBFS and 40% fly ash at 28 days of ambient temperature achieved maximum compressive strength (55.63 MPa) and further performed durable under severe environmental conditions.

Mechanical Properties of Geopolymer Concrete Containing Low-Alkaline Activator

“…[23] 5300√𝑓𝑓′ 𝑐𝑐 0.45√𝑓𝑓′ 𝑐𝑐 Using fly ash and 16.1% GGBS, and 9.1% alkaline activator Thomas et al [24] 4400√𝑓𝑓′ 𝑐𝑐 1.08√𝑓𝑓′ 𝑐𝑐 Using fly ash, 25.5% GGBS and 10.2% alkaline activator Albitar [25] 0.6√𝑓𝑓′ 𝑐𝑐 0.75√𝑓𝑓′ 𝑐𝑐 Using 18% fly ash and 6.7% alkaline activator Bellum et al [26,27] 0.77√𝑓𝑓′ 𝑐𝑐 0.98√𝑓𝑓′ 𝑐𝑐 Using 17% fly ash and 6.8% alkaline activator Cui et al [28] 874.5𝑓𝑓′𝑐𝑐 The geopolymer concrete stacking materials include fly ash, sodium silicate, sodium hydroxide, fine and coarse aggregate. The fly ash was taken from electric steam power plant (PLTU Lontar).…”

Experimental Investigation of Snail Shell-Based Cement Mortar: Mechanical Strength, Durability and Microstructure

“…Regardless of energy, a significant amount of Carbon Dioxide (CO2) is released into the environment. Therefore, the reduction in the cement utilization will reduce the CO2 emmision into the environment [4,5]. The cement industry has been emitting roughly 0.83 kg of CO2 per kg of cement, resulting in a global cement release of 12% by 2020.…”

“…The cement industry has been emitting roughly 0.83 kg of CO2 per kg of cement, resulting in a global cement release of 12% by 2020. [5]. Despite the fact that cement releases CO2, it has a brittleness property that causes cracks in concrete constructions.…”

“…To overcome the excess amount of cement usage in construction, alternative waste materials and industrial by-products such as Red Mud, Fly Ash, Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS), Snail Shells, Clamshells, and Glass can be used by replacing certain quantity of cement in concrete structures. [5][6][7][8]35]. Thorough research was done on cement composites worldwide because cement is the principal constituent in the constructions.…”

“…[10,11]. Some other materials such as GGBS, red mud, silica fume were also utilized to replace cement in the world [5]. In the same manner, agricultural wastes such as sawdust and rice husk ash were employed as admixtures in cement composites in another study [12][13][14].…”